Geastrum quadrifidum DC. ex Pers.
(Rayed Earthstar, Four-rayed Earthstar)

Interactions where Geastrum quadrifidum is the controlling partner and gains from the process

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'References').

Stage		Summary			Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active Taxon Uncertain	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Uncertain	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Stage	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Indoors etc	Season
fruitbody		fruitbody is associated with			Fagus	beeches	Fagales: Fagaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Geastrales/Geastraceae/Geastrum quadrifidum/	Geastrum quadrifidum	rayed earthstar, four-rayed earthstar				fruitbody	Plant / associate			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Fagus/	Fagus	beeches					Major
fruitbody		fruitbody is associated with			Quercus	oaks	Fagales: Fagaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Geastrales/Geastraceae/Geastrum quadrifidum/	Geastrum quadrifidum	rayed earthstar, four-rayed earthstar				fruitbody	Plant / associate			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Fagaceae/Quercus/	Quercus	oaks					Minor
fruitbody		fruitbody is associated with			Crataegus	hawthorns	Rosales: Rosaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Geastrales/Geastraceae/Geastrum quadrifidum/	Geastrum quadrifidum	rayed earthstar, four-rayed earthstar				fruitbody	Plant / associate			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Rosales/Rosaceae/Crataegus/	Crataegus	hawthorns					Minor
fruitbody		fruitbody is associated with			Pinus sylvestris	Scots Pine	Pinales: Pinaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Geastrales/Geastraceae/Geastrum quadrifidum/	Geastrum quadrifidum	rayed earthstar, four-rayed earthstar				fruitbody	Plant / associate			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Pinaceae/Pinus sylvestris/	Pinus sylvestris	Scots pine					Minor
fruitbody		fruitbody is associated with			Taxus baccata	Yew	Pinales: Taxaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Geastrales/Geastraceae/Geastrum quadrifidum/	Geastrum quadrifidum	rayed earthstar, four-rayed earthstar				fruitbody	Plant / associate			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Taxaceae/Taxus baccata/	Taxus baccata	yew					Minor

Geastrum quadrifidum (Rayed Earthstar, Four-rayed Earthstar) may also be included in 'feeds on' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Geastrum quadrifidum (Rayed Earthstar, Four-rayed Earthstar) may be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

Author & Year	Title	Source
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota	517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Species	Geastrum quadrifidum (Rayed Earthstar, Four-rayed Earthstar)
Genus	Geastrum (earthstars)
Family	GEASTRACEAE (earthstars)
Order	GEASTRALES (earth-stars)
Subclass	PHALLOMYCETIDAE (a subclass of basidiomycetes)
Class	AGARICOMYCETES (a class of fungi)
Subphylum	AGARICOMYCOTINA
Phylum	BASIDIOMYCOTA (spore droppers)
Kingdom	FUNGI (true fungi)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

Geastrum quadrifidum is also a member of:
Gasteromycetes - puffballs, earthstars, earthballs, stinkhorns, truffles etc. (via Geastraceae)
Fungi s.l. - fungi (in the broad sense) (via Fungi)
Lower Plants - lower plants (via Fungi s.l.)

NBN

NBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Geastrum quadrifidum (Rayed Earthstar, Four-rayed Earthstar)

Geastrum quadrifidum (Rayed Earthstar, Four-rayed Earthstar) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

Geastrum
(earthstars)

GEASTRACEAE
(earthstars)

GEASTRALES
(earth-stars)

AGARICOMYCETES
(a class of fungi)

BASIDIOMYCOTA
(spore droppers)

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Gasteromycetes
(puffballs, earthstars,  earthballs, stinkhorns, truffles etc.)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Geastrum quadrifidum (Rayed Earthstar, Four-rayed Earthstar):

Geastrum
(earthstars)

GEASTRACEAE
(earthstars)

GEASTRALES
(earth-stars)

AGARICOMYCETES
(a class of fungi)

BASIDIOMYCOTA
(spore droppers)

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Gasteromycetes
(puffballs, earthstars,  earthballs, stinkhorns, truffles etc.)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

Vulnerable

NT

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