MALVACEAE
(mallows & limes)

Interactions where MALVACEAE is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'References').

Filters:

Affected Part		Summary			Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active Taxon Uncertain	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Uncertain	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Stage	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Indoors etc	Season	Summary
		has sap sucked by adult			Pyrrhocoris apterus	Firebug	Hemiptera: Pyrrhocoridae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Pyrrhocoridae/Pyrrhocoris apterus/	Pyrrhocoris apterus	firebug				adult	Foodplant / sap sucker		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malvales/Malvaceae/	Malvaceae	mallows & limes								adult sucks sap of
		has sap sucked by nymph			Pyrrhocoris apterus	Firebug	Hemiptera: Pyrrhocoridae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Pyrrhocoridae/Pyrrhocoris apterus/	Pyrrhocoris apterus	firebug				nymph	Foodplant / sap sucker		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malvales/Malvaceae/	Malvaceae	mallows & limes								nymph sucks sap of
fruit		fruit may contain larva			Malvapion malvae	a seed weevil	Coleoptera: Apionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992 Orthocerous Weevils, Morris, M.G., 1990	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Apionidae/Malvapion malvae/	Malvapion malvae	a seed weevil				larva	Foodplant / internal feeder			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malvales/Malvaceae/	Malvaceae	mallows & limes			fruit					larva feeds within fruit
fruit		fruit may contain larva			Pseudapion rufirostre	a seed weevil	Coleoptera: Apionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Apionidae/Pseudapion rufirostre/	Pseudapion rufirostre	a seed weevil				larva	Foodplant / internal feeder			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malvales/Malvaceae/	Malvaceae	mallows & limes			fruit					larva feeds within fruit
leaf		leaf is grazed by larva			Podagrica fuscicornis	a mallow flea beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Podagrica fuscicornis/	Podagrica fuscicornis	a mallow flea beetle				larva	Foodplant / open feeder			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malvales/Malvaceae/	Malvaceae	mallows & limes			leaf					larva grazes on leaf
leaf		leaf is grazed by imago			Podagrica fuscicornis	a mallow flea beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Podagrica fuscicornis/	Podagrica fuscicornis	a mallow flea beetle				imago	Foodplant / open feeder			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malvales/Malvaceae/	Malvaceae	mallows & limes			leaf					imago grazes on leaf
leaf		leaf is grazed by larva			Podagrica fuscipes	Mallow Flea Beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Podagrica fuscipes/	Podagrica fuscipes	mallow flea beetle				larva	Foodplant / open feeder			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malvales/Malvaceae/	Malvaceae	mallows & limes			leaf					larva grazes on leaf
leaf		leaf is grazed by imago			Podagrica fuscipes	Mallow Flea Beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Podagrica fuscipes/	Podagrica fuscipes	mallow flea beetle				imago	Foodplant / open feeder			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malvales/Malvaceae/	Malvaceae	mallows & limes			leaf					imago grazes on leaf
leaf		leaf is mined by larva			Liriomyza strigata	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Liriomyza strigata/	Liriomyza strigata	a leaf-mining fly				larva	Foodplant / miner		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malvales/Malvaceae/	Malvaceae	mallows & limes			leaf					larva mines leaf
stem		stem may contain larva			Aspidapion radiolus	a seed weevil	Coleoptera: Apionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992 Orthocerous Weevils, Morris, M.G., 1990	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Apionidae/Aspidapion (Aspidapion) radiolus/	Aspidapion (Aspidapion) radiolus	a seed weevil				larva	Foodplant / internal feeder			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malvales/Malvaceae/	Malvaceae	mallows & limes			stem					larva feeds within stem
stem		stem may contain larva			Aspidapion aeneum	a seed weevil	Coleoptera: Apionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992 Orthocerous Weevils, Morris, M.G., 1990	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Apionidae/Aspidapion (Koestlinia) aeneum/	Aspidapion (Koestlinia) aeneum	a seed weevil				larva	Foodplant / internal feeder			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malvales/Malvaceae/	Malvaceae	mallows & limes			stem					larva feeds within stem
stem		stem is foodplant of gregarious, covered by blackened epidermis, finally erumpent by a slit pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph			Phomopsis malvacearum	a coelomycete	Diaporthales: Diaporthaceae	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Diaporthaceae/Phomopsis malvacearum/	Phomopsis malvacearum	a coelomycete		gregarious, covered by blackened epidermis, finally erumpent by a slit	pycnidium	Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / feeds on		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malvales/Malvaceae/	Malvaceae	mallows & limes			stem					gregarious, covered by blackened epidermis, finally erumpent by a slit pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph feeds on stem

MALVACEAE (mallows & limes) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

EU-DICOTS
(dicotyledonous flowering plants)

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Author & Year	Title	Source
Bullock, J.A., 1992	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations	11a, 24pp, Amateur Entomologists’ Society
Grove, W.B., 1935	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia	Vol I, 488pp, Cambridge University Press
Morris, M.G., 1990	Orthocerous Weevils	Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects, Vol 5 Part 16, 108pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles	Wayside & Woodland Series, 1959 edition, 436pp, Frederick Warne & Co. Ltd.
Spencer, K.A., 1972	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol X. Part 5(g), 136pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London

Subtaxon				Rank	Featured subtaxa	No of interactions	No of references
Abutilon velvetleafs, abutilons				Genus	2 subtaxa	6 trophisms
Alcea rosea Hollyhock				Species		12 trophisms
Althaea marsh-mallows				Genus	1 subtaxa	5 trophisms
Hibiscus hibiscus				Genus	1 subtaxa	4 trophisms
Lavatera tree-mallows				Genus	4 subtaxa	13 trophisms	1 references
Malva mallows				Genus	6 subtaxa	52 trophisms
Scaphopetalum a genus of garden flowers				Genus		1 trophisms
Sida prickly mallows				Genus	1 subtaxa	2 trophisms
Sidalcea sidalceas				Genus		6 trophisms
Tilia limes				Genus	3 subtaxa	283 trophisms	1 references

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Family	MALVACEAE (mallows & limes)
Order	MALVALES (mallows, limes, daphnes and rockroses)
Subclass	EU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
Class	MAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
Phylum	TRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
Kingdom	PLANTAE (plants)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

NBN

NBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for MALVACEAE (mallows & limes)

MALVACEAE (mallows & limes) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to MALVACEAE (mallows & limes):

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

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