Melampsoridium hiratsukanum S. Ito ex Hirats. f.
(Alder Rust)

Interactions where Melampsoridium hiratsukanum is the controlling partner and gains from the process

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'References').

Stage		Summary			Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active Taxon Uncertain	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Uncertain	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Stage	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Indoors etc	Season
telium (hypophyllous, subepidermal, scattered or in groups)		hypophyllous, subepidermal, scattered or in groups telium parasitises live leaf			Alnus cordata	Italian Alder	Fagales: Betulaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 British Rust Fungi, Wilson, M., & Henderson, D., 1966	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniastraceae/Melampsoridium hiratsukanum/	Melampsoridium hiratsukanum	alder rust		hypophyllous, subepidermal, scattered or in groups		telium	Foodplant / parasite			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Alnus cordata/	Alnus cordata	Italian alder		live	leaf
uredium (hypophyllous, subepidermal, scattered or in groups)		hypophyllous, subepidermal, scattered or in groups uredium causes spots on live, upward curling leaf			Alnus cordata	Italian Alder	Fagales: Betulaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 British Rust Fungi, Wilson, M., & Henderson, D., 1966	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniastraceae/Melampsoridium hiratsukanum/	Melampsoridium hiratsukanum	alder rust		hypophyllous, subepidermal, scattered or in groups		uredium	Foodplant / spot causer			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Alnus cordata/	Alnus cordata	Italian alder		live, upward curling	leaf
telium (hypophyllous, subepidermal, scattered or in groups)		hypophyllous, subepidermal, scattered or in groups telium parasitises live leaf			Alnus glutinosa	Alder	Fagales: Betulaceae	Differentiating characteristics between Melampsoridium rusts infecting birch and alder leaves, Kurkela, T., Hanso, M & Hantula, J., 1999 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 British Rust Fungi, Wilson, M., & Henderson, D., 1966	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniastraceae/Melampsoridium hiratsukanum/	Melampsoridium hiratsukanum	alder rust		hypophyllous, subepidermal, scattered or in groups		telium	Foodplant / parasite			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Alnus glutinosa/	Alnus glutinosa	alder		live	leaf
uredium (hypophyllous, subepidermal, scattered or in groups)		hypophyllous, subepidermal, scattered or in groups uredium causes spots on live leaf			Alnus glutinosa	Alder	Fagales: Betulaceae	First record of Melampsoridium hiratsukanum on alder in Norway, Gjaerum, H.B., Lye, K.A. & Solheim, H., 2004 Differentiating characteristics between Melampsoridium rusts infecting birch and alder leaves, Kurkela, T., Hanso, M & Hantula, J., 1999 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 First report of Melampsoridium hiratsukanum on common alder in Hungary, Szabó, I., 2002 British Rust Fungi, Wilson, M., & Henderson, D., 1966	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniastraceae/Melampsoridium hiratsukanum/	Melampsoridium hiratsukanum	alder rust		hypophyllous, subepidermal, scattered or in groups		uredium	Foodplant / spot causer			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Alnus glutinosa/	Alnus glutinosa	alder		live	leaf
telium (hypophyllous, subepidermal, scattered or in groups)		hypophyllous, subepidermal, scattered or in groups telium parasitises live leaf			Alnus incana	Grey Alder	Fagales: Betulaceae	Differentiating characteristics between Melampsoridium rusts infecting birch and alder leaves, Kurkela, T., Hanso, M & Hantula, J., 1999 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 British Rust Fungi, Wilson, M., & Henderson, D., 1966	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniastraceae/Melampsoridium hiratsukanum/	Melampsoridium hiratsukanum	alder rust		hypophyllous, subepidermal, scattered or in groups		telium	Foodplant / parasite			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Alnus incana/	Alnus incana	grey alder		live	leaf
uredium (hypophyllous, subepidermal, scattered or in groups)		hypophyllous, subepidermal, scattered or in groups uredium causes spots on live, upward curling leaf			Alnus incana	Grey Alder	Fagales: Betulaceae	First record of Melampsoridium hiratsukanum on alder in Norway, Gjaerum, H.B., Lye, K.A. & Solheim, H., 2004 Differentiating characteristics between Melampsoridium rusts infecting birch and alder leaves, Kurkela, T., Hanso, M & Hantula, J., 1999 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 British Rust Fungi, Wilson, M., & Henderson, D., 1966	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniastraceae/Melampsoridium hiratsukanum/	Melampsoridium hiratsukanum	alder rust		hypophyllous, subepidermal, scattered or in groups		uredium	Foodplant / spot causer			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Alnus incana/	Alnus incana	grey alder		live, upward curling	leaf
uredium (hypophyllous, subepidermal, scattered or in groups)		hypophyllous, subepidermal, scattered or in groups uredium causes spots on live, upward curling leaf			Alnus viridis	Green Alder	Fagales: Betulaceae	First record of Melampsoridium hiratsukanum on alder in Norway, Gjaerum, H.B., Lye, K.A. & Solheim, H., 2004	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniastraceae/Melampsoridium hiratsukanum/	Melampsoridium hiratsukanum	alder rust		hypophyllous, subepidermal, scattered or in groups		uredium	Foodplant / spot causer		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fagales/Betulaceae/Alnus viridis/	Alnus viridis	green alder		live, upward curling	leaf

Melampsoridium hiratsukanum (Alder Rust) may also be included in 'feeds on' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Melampsoridium hiratsukanum (Alder Rust) may be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

PUCCINIALES
(rust fungi)

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

Author & Year	Title	Source
Gjaerum, H.B., Lye, K.A. & Solheim, H., 2004	First record of Melampsoridium hiratsukanum on alder in Norway	New Disease Reports Vol 9.
Kurkela, T., Hanso, M & Hantula, J., 1999	Differentiating characteristics between Melampsoridium rusts infecting birch and alder leaves	Mycologia Vol 91 (6): 987-922.
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota	517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Szabó, I., 2002	First report of Melampsoridium hiratsukanum on common alder in Hungary	New Disease Reports Vol 5.
Wilson, M., & Henderson, D., 1966	British Rust Fungi	384pp, Cambridge University Press

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Species	Melampsoridium hiratsukanum (Alder Rust)
Family	PUCCINIASTRACEAE (a family of rust fungi)
Order	PUCCINIALES (rust fungi)
Class	PUCCINIOMYCETES (pucciniomycete fungi)
Subphylum	PUCCINIOMYCOTINA (a subphylum of fungi)
Phylum	BASIDIOMYCOTA (spore droppers)
Kingdom	FUNGI (true fungi)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

Melampsoridium hiratsukanum is also a member of:
Micromycetes - microfungi (via Pucciniomycetes)
Fungi s.l. - fungi (in the broad sense) (via Fungi)
Lower Plants - lower plants (via Fungi s.l.)

NBN

NBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Melampsoridium hiratsukanum (Alder Rust)

Identification Works

	Author	Year	Title	Source
	Gjaerum, H.B., Lye, K.A. & Solheim, H.	2004	First record of Melampsoridium hiratsukanum on alder in Norway	New Disease Reports Vol 9.
	Kurkela, T., Hanso, M & Hantula, J.	1999	Differentiating characteristics between Melampsoridium rusts infecting birch and alder leaves	Mycologia Vol 91 (6): 987-922.
	Szabó, I.	2002	First report of Melampsoridium hiratsukanum on common alder in Hungary	New Disease Reports Vol 5.

Melampsoridium hiratsukanum (Alder Rust) may also be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

PUCCINIALES
(rust fungi)

PUCCINIOMYCETES
(pucciniomycete fungi)

BASIDIOMYCOTA
(spore droppers)

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Melampsoridium hiratsukanum (Alder Rust):

PUCCINIALES
(rust fungi)

PUCCINIOMYCETES
(pucciniomycete fungi)

BASIDIOMYCOTA
(spore droppers)

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

A small number of records, mostly Scottish and/or western, but only recently recognised.

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