AuthorPitkin, B.R.
Year1988
TitleLesser Dung Flies (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae)
ISBN0 901546 67 4
SeriesHandbooks for the Identification of British Insects
TypeBook/Report
How CompleteCovers all UK species known at the time, but a number have been added since.
SourceHandbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol 10. Part 5e, 175pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
IllustrationsLine drawings plus six plates of SEM photographs comprise the final two thirds of the book
Review (by Malcolm Storey)

21 pages of dichotomous keys with 614 drawings (although the first 74 relate to immature stages).

Rohacek (1991. A monograph of Leptocera (Rachispoda Lioy) of the West Palaearctic area (Diptera, Sphaeroceridae). Casopis Slezského Zemského Muzea Opava (A) 40: 97-288) described several more of the larger water-margin species, so the handbook became out of date in this area only a few years after publication.

Errata, Corrigenda & Comments

Key to subfamilies (p29) references Figs 80-82 (on p71). The key refers to vein M3+4 but the drawings call it Vein CuA1. Go by the general jizz of the diagrams.

Changes to Sphaeroceridae since Pitkin, 1988 (extracted from Chandler, 1998/2012)

Synonymy and corrections:

Major changes only (generic redispositions are not repeated here).

Sequence as Chandler, 1998 (8 Nov 2012 version)

Copromyzinae:

*Boroborillus nitidifrons* (Duda, 1923b) becomes *Norrobomia nilotica* (Becker, 1903).
Limosininae:

*Minilimosina v-atrum* sensu Pitkin becomes *Limosina guestphalica* (Duda, 1918)
*Pullimosina moesta* sensu Pitkin becomes *Pullimosina vulgesta* Rohácek, 2001 [Corrected in Rohácek (2001)]
*Pullimosina antennata* (Duda, 1918) becomes *Pullimosina moesta* (Villeneuve, 1918) [Corrected in Rohácek (2001)]
*Rachispoda breviceps* (Stenhammar, 1855) sensu Pitkin was a species complex. *R. breviceps* s.s. was not confirmed to be British.
Sphaerocerinae:

*Ischiolepta denticulata* sensu Pitkin becomes *Ischiolepta nitida* (Duda, 1920)
*Ischiolepta paracrenata* (Duda, 1920) becomes *Ischiolepta denticulata* (Meigen, 1830)
Additional species:

Sequence as Chandler, 1998 (8 Nov 2012 version)

Copromyzinae:

No additions
Limosininae:

*Limosina bicuspis* Rohácek, 1993 [Added by Holmes et al. (1991) as trogeri, confirmed by Rohácek (2001)]
*Opacifrons maculifrons*(Becker, 1907) [Added by Cole (2011)]
*Opalimosina calcarifera* (Rohácek, 1975) [Added by Holmes et al. (1991)]
*Pseudocollinella jorlii* (Carles-Tolrá, 1990) [Added by Gatt (2001)]
*Pullimosina dahli* (Duda, 1918) [Added by Holmes et al. (1991)]
*Rachispoda anceps* (Stenhammar, 1855) [Added by Rohácek (1991)]
*Rachispoda brevior* (Rohácek, 1991) [Added by Rohácek (1991)]
*Rachispoda gel* (Papp, 1978) [Added by Rohácek (1991)]
*Rachispoda intermedia* (Duda, 1918) [Added by Rohácek (1991)]
*Rachispoda kabuli* (Papp, 1978) [Added by Rohácek (1991)]
*Rachispoda longior* (Rohácek, 1991) [Added by Rohácek (1991)]
*Rachispoda modesta* (Duda, 1924) [Added by Rohácek (1991)]
*Rachispoda opinata* (Rohácek, 1991) [Added by Rohácek (1991)]
*Rachispoda segem* (Rohácek, 1991) [Added by Blythe (2012)]
*Spelobia belanica* Rohácek, 1983 [Added by Rohá?ek and Valentine (2002)]
*Spelobia clunipes* (Meigen, 1830) [Pitkin included Spelobia manicata (Richard, 1927)]
*Spelobia manicata* (Richard, 1927) [Pitkin synonymised with S. clunipes (Meigen, 1830)]
*Telomerina eburnea* Rohácek, 1983 [Added by Smith & Harvey (2006)]
*Thoracochaeta erectiseta* Carles-Tolrá, 1994 [Added by Rohácek & Marshall (2000)]
*Thoracochaeta johnsoni* (Spuler, 1925) [Added by Rohácek & Marshall (2000), ? introduced Nearctic species]
*Thoracochaeta lanx* Rohácek & Marshall, 2000 [Added by Rohácek & Marshall (2000)]
*Thoracochaeta seticosta* (Spuler, 1925) [Added by Rohácek & Marshall (2000), ? introduced Nearctic species]
*Thoracochaeta valentinei* Rohácek & Marshall, 2000 [Added by Rohácek & Marshall (2000)]
*Trachyopella bovilla* Collin, 1954 [Added by Holmes et al. (1991)]
Sphaerocerinae

*Ischiolepta micropyga* (Duda, 1938 ) [Added by Han & Kim (1990)]
References

BLYTHE, M. 2012. Rachispoda segem *(Rohácek) (Diptera, Sphaeroceridae) new to the British list from Worcester*. Dipterists Digest (Second Series) 19: 186.
CHANDLER, P. 1998 (extracted 29 Jan 2013) Diptera Checklist
COLE, J.H. 2011. In EDITOR. *Dipterists Day Exhibits 2009 and 2010* compiled by Editor from exhibitors’ notes. Dipterists Digest (Second Series) 18: 99-102.
GATT, P. 2001. Pseudocollinella jorlii *(Carles-Tolrá) (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae) new to Britain, and new records of Sphaeroceridae from Kenfig National Nature Reserve, Glamorgan*. British Journal of Entomology and Natural History 13: 197-201.
HOLMES, P.R., VALENTINE, J., BOYCE, D.C. & REED, D.K. 1991. *Lesser dung flies (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae) in Welsh peatlands*. Dipterists Digest 8: 6-13.
ROHÁCEK, J. 1991. *A monograph of *Leptocera *(*Rachispoda* Lioy) of the West Palaearctic area (Diptera, Sphaeroceridae)*. Casopis Slezského Zemského Muzea Opava (A) 40: 97-288.
ROHÁCEK, J. & MARSHALL, S.A. 2000. *A world revision of the seaweed fly genus *Thoracochaeta* Duda (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae: Limosininae)*. Part 2: Palaearctic species. Studia dipterologica 7: 313-372.
ROHÁCEK, J. & VALENTINE, J. 2002. *The first British record of* Spelobia (Spelobia) belanica* Rohácek, 1983 (Diptera, Sphaeroceridae)*. Dipterists Digest (Second Series) 9: 179-180.
SMITH, D. & HARVEY, P. 2006. Telomerina eburnea *Rohácek, 1983 (Diptera, Sphaeroceridae) new to Britain*. Dipterists Digest (Second Series) 13: 38.
Malcolm Storey 29 Jan 2102

Examine Stereo Microscope ( Compound Microscope is also useful)
Specimen PreparationDry or in alcohol. Preps of male genitalia, sternite V or female spermathecae sometimes needed. This involves macerating in alkali.
Identification difficultyChallenging!
Website urlwww.royensoc.co.uk/publications/index.htm

Notes & PurposeStatusTaxonEnglishClassification
For identificationCurrentSPHAEROCERIDAElesser dung fliesAnimalia: Diptera
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