Arthonia clemens (Tul.) Th. Fr.
(a lichenicolous lichen)

Interactions where Arthonia clemens is the dominant partner and gains from the process

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Stage		Summary			Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active Taxon Uncertain	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Uncertain	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Stage	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Indoors etc	Season
ascoma		ascoma parasitises apothecium			Lecanora	a genus of crustose lichens	Lecanorales: Lecanoraceae	A Key to the Lichen-forming, Parasitic, Parasymbiotic and Saprophytic Fungi occurring on Lichens in the British Isles, Hawksworth, D.L., 1983	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Arthoniomycetes/Arthoniales/Arthoniaceae/Arthonia clemens/	Arthonia clemens	a lichenicolous lichen				ascoma	Lichen / parasite		UK and/or Eire	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Lecanoromycetes/Lecanorales/Lecanoraceae/Lecanora/	Lecanora	a genus of crustose lichens			apothecium
ascoma		ascoma lives on/in apothecium			Lecanora	a genus of crustose lichens	Lecanorales: Lecanoraceae	A Key to the Lichen-forming, Parasitic, Parasymbiotic and Saprophytic Fungi occurring on Lichens in the British Isles, Hawksworth, D.L., 1983	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Arthoniomycetes/Arthoniales/Arthoniaceae/Arthonia clemens/	Arthonia clemens	a lichenicolous lichen				ascoma	Lichen / symbiont		UK and/or Eire	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Lecanoromycetes/Lecanorales/Lecanoraceae/Lecanora/	Lecanora	a genus of crustose lichens			apothecium
ascoma		ascoma parasitises apothecium			Myriolecis dispersa	a species aggregate of lichens	Lecanorales: Lecanoraceae	A Key to the Lichen-forming, Parasitic, Parasymbiotic and Saprophytic Fungi occurring on Lichens in the British Isles, Hawksworth, D.L., 1983	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Arthoniomycetes/Arthoniales/Arthoniaceae/Arthonia clemens/	Arthonia clemens	a lichenicolous lichen				ascoma	Lichen / parasite		UK and/or Eire	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Lecanoromycetes/Lecanorales/Lecanoraceae/Myriolecis dispersa/	Myriolecis dispersa	a species aggregate of lichens			apothecium		Major
ascoma		ascoma lives on/in apothecium			Myriolecis dispersa	a species aggregate of lichens	Lecanorales: Lecanoraceae	A Key to the Lichen-forming, Parasitic, Parasymbiotic and Saprophytic Fungi occurring on Lichens in the British Isles, Hawksworth, D.L., 1983	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Arthoniomycetes/Arthoniales/Arthoniaceae/Arthonia clemens/	Arthonia clemens	a lichenicolous lichen				ascoma	Lichen / symbiont		UK and/or Eire	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Lecanoromycetes/Lecanorales/Lecanoraceae/Myriolecis dispersa/	Myriolecis dispersa	a species aggregate of lichens			apothecium		Major

Author & Year	Title	Source
Hawksworth, D.L., 1983	A Key to the Lichen-forming, Parasitic, Parasymbiotic and Saprophytic Fungi occurring on Lichens in the British Isles	44pp, The British Lichen Society

Arthonia clemens (a lichenicolous lichen) may also be included in 'feeds on' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Arthonia clemens (a lichenicolous lichen) may be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Lichenes
(lichens)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Species	Arthonia clemens (a lichenicolous lichen)
Genus	Arthonia (a genus of lichens)
Family	ARTHONIACEAE (a family of lichens)
Order	ARTHONIALES (an order of lichens)
Subclass	ARTHONIOMYCETIDAE (a subclass of lichens)
Class	ARTHONIOMYCETES (a class of lichens)
Subphylum	PEZIZOMYCOTINA (a subphylum of ascomycetes)
Phylum	ASCOMYCOTA (spore shooters, ascomycete)
Kingdom	FUNGI (true fungi)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

Arthonia clemens is also a member of:
Lichenes - lichens (via Arthoniaceae)
Micromycetes - microfungi (via Ascomycota)
Fungi s.l. - fungi (in the broad sense) (via Fungi)
Lower Plants - lower plants (via Fungi s.l.)

NBN

NBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Arthonia clemens (a lichenicolous lichen)

Arthonia clemens (a lichenicolous lichen) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

ASCOMYCOTA
(spore shooters, ascomycete)

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Lichenes
(lichens)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Arthonia clemens (a lichenicolous lichen):

ASCOMYCOTA
(spore shooters, ascomycete)

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Lichenes
(lichens)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

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