Dianthus L.
(pinks)

Interactions where Dianthus is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part Summary Taxon Vernacular Classification References Darwin Classification of Active Taxon Active Taxon Active Vernacular Active Taxon Uncertain Active State Active Part Active Stage Relationship Relationship Uncertain Relationship Geography Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon Passive Taxon Passive Vernacular Passive Taxon Uncertain Passive State Passive Part Passive Stage Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon Indoors etc Season Summary
may be infected and damaged by colony of Fusarium anamorph UK/IrelandMajor Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. dianthi an anamorphic fungus Hypocreales: Nectriaceae Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. dianthi (Prill & Dellacr.) Snyder & Hansen, Brayford, D., 1996
Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. dianthi/Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. dianthian anamorphic funguscolonyFusarium anamorph Foodplant / pathogenUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus/DianthuspinksMajor colony of Fusarium anamorph infects and damages
(live) live is parasitised by sporangium Peronospora agrostemmatis a downy mildew Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Chromista/Oomycota/Peronosporea/Peronosporales/Peronosporaceae/Peronospora agrostemmatis/Peronospora agrostemmatisa downy mildewsporangium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus/Dianthuspinkslive sporangium parasitises live
anther (live) live anther may be infected and damaged by embedded sorus UK/Ireland Microbotryum dianthorum Carnation Anther Smut Microbotryales: Microbotryaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Additions and amendments to the list of British smut fungi, Spooner, B.M. & Legon, N.W., 2006
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Microbotryales/Microbotryaceae/Microbotryum dianthorum/Microbotryum dianthorumcarnation anther smutembeddedsorus Foodplant / pathogenUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus/Dianthuspinksliveanther embedded sorus infects and damages live anther
calyx (patchily bleached) patchily bleached calyx is decayed by brown haloed, gregarious pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Phomopsis caryophylli a coelomycete Diaporthales: Diaporthaceae British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Diaporthaceae/Phomopsis caryophylli/Phomopsis caryophyllia coelomycetebrown haloed, gregariouspycnidiumPhomopsis coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus/Dianthuspinkspatchily bleachedcalyx brown haloed, gregarious pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on patchily bleached calyx
flower-bud (rotting) rotting flower-bud may be infected and damaged by colony of Alternaria dematiaceous anamorph Alternaria dianthicola a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Pleosporales: Pleosporaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Pleosporaceae/Alternaria dianthicola/Alternaria dianthicolaa dematiaceous anamorphic funguscolonyAlternaria dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / pathogen /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus/Dianthuspinksrottingflower-bud colony of Alternaria dematiaceous anamorph infects and damages rotting flower-bud
leaf leaf is mined by larva Amauromyza flavifrons a leaf-mining fly Diptera: Agromyzidae Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Amauromyza flavifrons/Amauromyza flavifronsa leaf-mining flylarva Foodplant / miner /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus/Dianthuspinksleaf larva mines leaf
leaf (dead) dead leaf is decayed by effuse colony of Trichoderma anamorph Trichoderma longibrachiatum an anamorphic fungus Hypocreales: Hypocreaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Hypocreaceae/Trichoderma longibrachiatum/Trichoderma longibrachiatuman anamorphic funguseffusecolonyTrichoderma anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus/Dianthuspinksdeadleaf effuse colony of Trichoderma anamorph is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (fading) fading leaf is spotted by clustered, blackish pycnidium of Ascochyta coelomatous anamorph UK/Ireland Ascochyta dianthi a Dianthus leaf spot (causative organism) Pleosporales British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Ascochyta dianthi/Ascochyta dianthia Dianthus leaf spot (causative organism)clustered, blackishpycnidiumAscochyta coelomatous anamorph Foodplant / spot causerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus/Dianthuspinksfadingleaf (summer)clustered, blackish pycnidium of Ascochyta coelomatous anamorph causes spots on fading leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is grazed by epiphyllous, colonial Bryobia bryobia mites Trombidiformes: Tetranychidae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Arachnida/Trombidiformes/Tetranychidae/Bryobia/Bryobiabryobia mitesepiphyllous, colonial Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus/Dianthuspinksliveleaf epiphyllous, colonial grazes on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is mined by larva Delia cardui Carnation Fly, Carnation Leaf Miner Diptera: Anthomyiidae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Anthomyiidae/Delia cardui/Delia carduicarnation fly, carnation leaf minerlarva Foodplant / miner /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus/Dianthuspinksliveleaf (9-)larva mines live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf may be infected and damaged by Cladosporium dematiaceous anamorph Davidiella dianthi Dianthus Ringspot - causative organism Capnodiales: Davidiellaceae Cladosporium echinulatum, David, J.C., 1998
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Davidiellaceae/Davidiella dianthi/Davidiella dianthiDianthus ringspot (causative organism)Cladosporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / pathogen /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus/Dianthuspinksliveleaf Cladosporium dematiaceous anamorph infects and damages live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is spotted by clustered, blackish pycnidium of Ascochyta coelomatous anamorph UK/Ireland Ascochyta dianthi a Dianthus leaf spot (causative organism) Pleosporales British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Ascochyta dianthi/Ascochyta dianthia Dianthus leaf spot (causative organism)clustered, blackishpycnidiumAscochyta coelomatous anamorph Foodplant / spot causerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus/Dianthuspinksliveleaf (summer)clustered, blackish pycnidium of Ascochyta coelomatous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is spotted by colony of Alternaria dematiaceous anamorph Alternaria dianthicola a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Pleosporales: Pleosporaceae Alternaria dianthicola, David, J.C., 1991
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Pleosporaceae/Alternaria dianthicola/Alternaria dianthicolaa dematiaceous anamorphic funguscolonyAlternaria dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / spot causer /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus/Dianthuspinksliveleaf colony of Alternaria dematiaceous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
peduncle (patchily bleached) patchily bleached peduncle is decayed by brown haloed, gregarious pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Phomopsis caryophylli a coelomycete Diaporthales: Diaporthaceae British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Diaporthaceae/Phomopsis caryophylli/Phomopsis caryophyllia coelomycetebrown haloed, gregariouspycnidiumPhomopsis coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus/Dianthuspinkspatchily bleachedpeduncle brown haloed, gregarious pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on patchily bleached peduncle
root (live) live root has sap sucked by Aphis sambuci Elder Aphid Hemiptera: Aphididae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Aphididae/Aphis (Aphis) sambuci/Aphis (Aphis) sambucielder aphid Foodplant / sap sucker /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus/Dianthuspinksliveroot (summer)sucks sap of live root
root (live) live root has sap sucked by Major Rhizoecus root mealybugs Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Pseudococcidae/Rhizoecus/Rhizoecusroot mealybugs Foodplant / sap sucker /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus/DianthuspinksliverootMajor sucks sap of live root
stem base (live) live stem base has sap sucked by Major Rhizoecus root mealybugs Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Pseudococcidae/Rhizoecus/Rhizoecusroot mealybugs Foodplant / sap sucker /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus/Dianthuspinkslivestem baseMajor sucks sap of live stem base
stem (dead) dead stem is decayed by effuse colony of Trichoderma anamorph Trichoderma longibrachiatum an anamorphic fungus Hypocreales: Hypocreaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Hypocreaceae/Trichoderma longibrachiatum/Trichoderma longibrachiatuman anamorphic funguseffusecolonyTrichoderma anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus/Dianthuspinksdeadstem effuse colony of Trichoderma anamorph is saprobic on dead stem
stem (live) live stem is mined by larva Delia cardui Carnation Fly, Carnation Leaf Miner Diptera: Anthomyiidae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Anthomyiidae/Delia cardui/Delia carduicarnation fly, carnation leaf minerlarva Foodplant / miner /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus/Dianthuspinkslivestem (9-)larva mines live stem
stem (widely blackened and patchily bleached) widely blackened and patchily bleached stem is decayed by brown haloed, gregarious pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Phomopsis caryophylli a coelomycete Diaporthales: Diaporthaceae British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Diaporthaceae/Phomopsis caryophylli/Phomopsis caryophyllia coelomycetebrown haloed, gregariouspycnidiumPhomopsis coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Caryophyllaceae/Dianthus/Dianthuspinkswidely blackened and patchily bleachedstem brown haloed, gregarious pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on widely blackened and patchily bleached stem

Author & YearTitleSource
Brayford, D., 1996Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. dianthi (Prill & Dellacr.) Snyder & HansenI.M.I. Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria CMI Descriptions of Pathenogenic Fungi and Bacteria Sheet 1264.
Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden PlantsCollins Photoguide, 2nd edition edition, Collins
David, J.C., 1991Alternaria dianthicolaI.M.I. Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria CMI Descriptions of Pathenogenic Fungi and Bacteria Sheet 1073.
David, J.C., 1998Cladosporium echinulatumI.M.I. Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria CMI Descriptions of Pathenogenic Fungi and Bacteria Sheet 957.
Dennis, R.W.G., 1995Fungi of the South East England383pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Grove, W.B., 1935British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidiaVol I, 488pp, Cambridge University Press
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Spencer, K.A., 1972Diptera: AgromyzidaeHandbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol X. Part 5(g), 136pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Spooner, B.M. & Legon, N.W., 2006Additions and amendments to the list of British smut fungiMycologist 20 (3): 90-96.

Dianthus (pinks) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Subtaxon Rank Featured
subtaxa		 No of
interactions		 No of
references
Dianthus armeria
Deptford Pink
Species 1 trophisms 1 references
Dianthus barbatus
Sweet William, Sweet-William
Species 26 trophisms
Dianthus carthusianorum
Carthusian Pink
Species 1 trophisms
Dianthus caryophyllus
Clove Pink
Species 20 trophisms
Dianthus caryophyllus garden hybrids
Carnation
Cultivar 43 trophisms
Dianthus chinensis
Rainbow Pink
Species 1 subtaxa 7 trophisms
Dianthus deltoides
Maiden Pink
Species 2 trophisms
Dianthus gallicus
Jersey Pink
Species 1 trophisms
Dianthus superbus
Large Pink
Species 1 trophisms
Taxonomic hierarchy:
GenusDianthus (pinks)
FamilyCARYOPHYLLACEAE (chickweeds, stitchworts and campions, carnation)
OrderCARYOPHYLLALES (pinks, goosefoots and docks)
SubclassEU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
ClassMAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
PhylumTRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
KingdomPLANTAE (plants)
DomainEukaryota (eukaryotes)
LifeBIOTA (living things)
NBNNBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Dianthus (pinks)

Dianthus (pinks) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Dianthus (pinks):

BioImagesBioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 24 images of Dianthus (pinks)
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