Empetrum nigrum L.
(Crowberry, Crowberry Agg.)

Interactions where Empetrum nigrum is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part		Summary			Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active Taxon Uncertain	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Uncertain	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Stage	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Indoors etc	Season	Summary
		may be infected and damaged by			Phytophthora kernoviae	a blight	Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae	Phytophthora ramorum and P. kernoviae in Scotland, MacKinlay, L. & McIntosh, J., 2010	/Chromista/Oomycota/Peronosporea/Peronosporales/Peronosporaceae/Phytophthora kernoviae/	Phytophthora kernoviae	a blight					Foodplant / pathogen			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Empetrum nigrum/	Empetrum nigrum	crowberry, crowberry agg.					Minor			infects and damages
(live)		live is parasitised by Hysterodiscula coelomycetous anamorph			Duplicaria empetri	an ascomycete fungus	Rhytismatales: Rhytismataceae	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Rhytismatales/Rhytismataceae/Duplicaria empetri/	Duplicaria empetri	an ascomycete fungus				Hysterodiscula coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / parasite		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Empetrum nigrum/	Empetrum nigrum	crowberry, crowberry agg.		live						Hysterodiscula coelomycetous anamorph parasitises live
(live)		live is associate of fruitbody			Chromosera lilacina	Lilac Waxcap	Agaricales: Hygrophoraceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Hygrophoraceae/Chromosera lilacina/	Chromosera lilacina	lilac waxcap				fruitbody	Plant / associate			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Empetrum nigrum/	Empetrum nigrum	crowberry, crowberry agg.		live						fruitbody is associated with live
leaf (dead, attached)		dead, attached leaf is decayed by epiphyllous, scattered perithecium			Botryosphaeria hyperborea	an ascomycete	Botryosphaeriales: Botryosphaeriaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Botryosphaeriales/Botryosphaeriaceae/Botryosphaeria hyperborea/	Botryosphaeria hyperborea	an ascomycete		epiphyllous, scattered		perithecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Empetrum nigrum/	Empetrum nigrum	crowberry, crowberry agg.		dead, attached	leaf					epiphyllous, scattered perithecium is saprobic on dead, attached leaf
leaf (dead, attached)		dead, attached leaf is decayed by erumpent apothecium			Phaeangellina empetri	a discomycete	Helotiales: Helotiaceae	Two proposed new genera of Helotiales, Dennis, R.W.G., 1955 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Phaeangellina empetri/	Phaeangellina empetri	a discomycete		erumpent		apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Empetrum nigrum/	Empetrum nigrum	crowberry, crowberry agg.		dead, attached	leaf				(6-9)	erumpent apothecium is saprobic on dead, attached leaf
leaf (dead, attached)		dead, attached leaf may be infected and damaged by apothecium			Arwidssonia empetri	a pyrenomycete	Xylariales: Hyponectriaceae	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Hyponectriaceae/Arwidssonia empetri/	Arwidssonia empetri	a pyrenomycete				apothecium	Foodplant / pathogen			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Empetrum nigrum/	Empetrum nigrum	crowberry, crowberry agg.		dead, attached	leaf					apothecium infects and damages dead, attached leaf
leaf (dead, attached)		dead, attached leaf is decayed by epiphyllous, scattered perithecium			Physalospora empetri	an ascomycete	Xylariales: Hyponectriaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Hyponectriaceae/Physalospora empetri/	Physalospora empetri	an ascomycete		epiphyllous, scattered		perithecium	Foodplant / saprobe			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Empetrum nigrum/	Empetrum nigrum	crowberry, crowberry agg.		dead, attached	leaf					epiphyllous, scattered perithecium is saprobic on dead, attached leaf
leaf (live)		live leaf is parasitised by epiphyllous uredium			Chrysomyxa empetri	Crowberry Rust	Pucciniales: Coleosporiaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Coleosporiaceae/Chrysomyxa empetri/	Chrysomyxa empetri	crowberry rust		epiphyllous		uredium	Foodplant / parasite			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Empetrum nigrum/	Empetrum nigrum	crowberry, crowberry agg.		live	leaf				(7-10)	epiphyllous uredium parasitises live leaf
root (live)		live root is endomycorrhizal host of mycelium			Oidiodendron maius	a dematiaceous hyphomycete	Onygenales: Myxotrichaceae	Physiological and morphological variations in Oidiodendron maius, Rice, A.V. & Currah, R.S., 2001	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Eurotiomycetes/Onygenales/Myxotrichaceae/Oidiodendron maius/	Oidiodendron maius	a dematiaceous hyphomycete			mycelium		Foodplant / mycorrhiza / endomycorrhiza		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Ericales/Ericaceae/Empetrum nigrum/	Empetrum nigrum	crowberry, crowberry agg.		live	root					mycelium is endomycorrhizal with live root

Author & Year	Title	Source
Dennis, R.W.G., 1955	Two proposed new genera of Helotiales	Kew Bulletin vol 10 (3): 359-262.
Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	Fungi of the South East England	383pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook	2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota	517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
MacKinlay, L. & McIntosh, J., 2010	Phytophthora ramorum and P. kernoviae in Scotland	BSBI News No. 113: 11-12.
Rice, A.V. & Currah, R.S., 2001	Physiological and morphological variations in Oidiodendron maius	Mycotaxon 79: 383-396.

Empetrum nigrum (Crowberry, Crowberry Agg.) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

ERICACEAE
(heaths, heathers, rhododendrons, azaleas & wintergeeens)

EU-DICOTS
(dicotyledonous flowering plants)

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Woody plants
(subshrubs)

Broadleaved shrubs
(broadleaved shrubs)

Broadleaved trees and shrubs
(broadleaved trees and shrubs)

Xylophytes
(broadleaved trees, shrubs and woody climbers)

Trees and shrubs
(trees and shrubs, including conifers)

Trees, shrubs, woody and climbing plants
(trees, shrubs, subshrubs and climbers, including conifers)

Subtaxon				Rank	Featured subtaxa	No of interactions	No of references
Empetrum nigrum ssp hermaphroditum Hermaphrodite Crowberry, Mountain Crowberry				Subspecies		3 trophisms
Empetrum nigrum ssp nigrum Crowberry				Subspecies		2 trophisms

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Species	Empetrum nigrum (Crowberry, Crowberry Agg.)
Family	ERICACEAE (heaths, heathers, rhododendrons, azaleas & wintergeeens)
Order	ERICALES (heaths, heathers, azaleas, primroses, loosestrifes and balsams)
Subclass	EU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
Class	MAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
Phylum	TRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
Kingdom	PLANTAE (plants)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

NBN

NBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Empetrum nigrum (Crowberry, Crowberry Agg.)

Identification Works

Handling & Magnification	Author	Year	Title	Source
	Rich, T.G.C., Corner, R.W.M. & Swan, G.A.		Empetrum nigrum	Yeo, P.F. Acaena, taxa with spherical heads, Plant Crib 2012

Empetrum nigrum (Crowberry, Crowberry Agg.) may also be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Xylophytes
(broadleaved trees, shrubs and woody climbers)

Trees and shrubs
(trees and shrubs, including conifers)

Trees, shrubs, woody and climbing plants
(trees, shrubs, subshrubs and climbers, including conifers)

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Empetrum nigrum (Crowberry, Crowberry Agg.):

ERICACEAE
(heaths, heathers, rhododendrons, azaleas & wintergeeens)

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Endomycorrhizal trees and shrubs
(endomycorrhizal or endotrophic mycorrhizal trees and shrubs)

Broadleaved trees and shrubs
(broadleaved trees and shrubs)

Xylophytes
(broadleaved trees, shrubs and woody climbers)

Endomycorrhizal plants
(plants that form endomycorrhiza)

Trees and shrubs
(trees and shrubs, including conifers)

Trees, shrubs, woody and climbing plants
(trees, shrubs, subshrubs and climbers, including conifers)

BioImages

BioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 25 images of Empetrum nigrum (Crowberry, Crowberry Agg.)

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