Euonymus europaeus L.
(Spindle)

Interactions where Euonymus europaeus is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part Summary Taxon Vernacular Classification References Darwin Classification of Active Taxon Active Taxon Active Vernacular Active Taxon Uncertain Active State Active Part Active Stage Relationship Relationship Uncertain Relationship Geography Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon Passive Taxon Passive Vernacular Passive Taxon Uncertain Passive State Passive Part Passive Stage Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon Indoors etc Season Summary
bark bark may shelter adult Major Aneurus avenius a flat bark bug Hemiptera: Aradidae Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Aradidae/Aneurus (Aneurodes) avenius/Aneurus (Aneurodes) aveniusa flat bark bugadult Plant / resting place / under /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus europaeus/Euonymus europaeusspindlebarkMajor adult may be found under bark
bough (small) (dead) dead bough (small) is associate of adult Aneurus avenius a flat bark bug Hemiptera: Aradidae Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Aradidae/Aneurus (Aneurodes) avenius/Aneurus (Aneurodes) aveniusa flat bark bugadult Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus europaeus/Euonymus europaeusspindledeadbough (small) adult is associated with dead bough (small)
branch (small) (dead, attached) dead, attached branch (small) is decayed by fruitbody Minor Peniophora lycii Ashen Crust Russulales: Peniophoraceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Peniophoraceae/Peniophora lycii/Peniophora lyciiashen crustfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus europaeus/Euonymus europaeusspindledead, attachedbranch (small)Minor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, attached branch (small)
branch (small, decorticated, fallen) small, decorticated, fallen branch may have epiphytic fruitbody UK/Ireland Antrodia albida a bracket fungus Polyporales: Fomitopsidaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Fomitopsidaceae/Antrodia albida/Antrodia albidaa bracket fungusfruitbody Plant / epiphyteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus europaeus/Euonymus europaeusspindlesmall, decorticated, fallenbranch fruitbody grows on small, decorticated, fallen branch
leaf margin leaf margin is galled by Stenacis euonymi a gall mite Trombidiformes: Eriophyidae Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls, Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Arachnida/Trombidiformes/Eriophyidae/Stenacis euonymi/Stenacis euonymia gall mite Foodplant / gall /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus europaeus/Euonymus europaeusspindleleaf margin causes gall of leaf margin
leaf leaf is spotted by scattered pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Phyllosticta euonymi a coelomycete Botryosphaeriales: Phyllostictaceae British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Botryosphaeriales/Phyllostictaceae/Phyllosticta euonymi/Phyllosticta euonymia coelomycetescatteredpycnidiumPhyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / spot causerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus europaeus/Euonymus europaeusspindleleaf (9)scattered pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on leaf
leaf (fallen) fallen leaf is grazed by mobile cased larva Captivity Cryptocephalus coryli Hazel Pot Beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Cryptocephalus coryli/Cryptocephalus corylihazel pot beetlelarva Foodplant / mobile cased feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus europaeus/Euonymus europaeusspindlefallenleaf Indoors, in greenhouse, captivity, culture or experimentally inducedlarva grazes in mobile case on fallen leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is spotted by Cercosporella anamorph Foreign Cercosporella euonymi (A Leaf-spot Fungus) Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol 1, Braun, U., 1995
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Cercosporella euonymi/Cercosporella euonymi(a leaf-spot fungus)Cercosporella anamorph Foodplant / spot causerForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus europaeus/Euonymus europaeusspindleliveleaf Cercosporella anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by mostly hypophyllous cleistothecium UK/Ireland Erysiphe euonymi a powdery mildew Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews, Ing, B., 1990
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Erysiphales/Erysiphaceae/Erysiphe euonymi/Erysiphe euonymia powdery mildewmostly hypophyllouscleistothecium Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus europaeus/Euonymus europaeusspindleliveleaf mostly hypophyllous cleistothecium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by mostly hypophyllous conidial anamorph UK/IrelandMinor Erysiphe euonymi a powdery mildew Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews, Ing, B., 1990
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Erysiphales/Erysiphaceae/Erysiphe euonymi/Erysiphe euonymia powdery mildewmostly hypophyllousconidial anamorph Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus europaeus/Euonymus europaeusspindleliveleafMinor mostly hypophyllous conidial anamorph parasitises live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is spotted by acervulus of Septogloeum coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Septogloeum carthusianum a coelomycete Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Septogloeum carthusianum/Septogloeum carthusianuma coelomyceteacervulusSeptogloeum coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / spot causerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus europaeus/Euonymus europaeusspindleliveleaf acervulus of Septogloeum coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by mostly hypophyllous aecium Minor Melampsora epitea var epitea a rust fungus Pucciniales: Melampsoraceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Melampsoraceae/Melampsora epitea var. epitea/Melampsora epitea var. epiteaa rust fungusmostly hypophyllousaecium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus europaeus/Euonymus europaeusspindleliveleafMinor (4-6)mostly hypophyllous aecium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by pycnium Minor Melampsora epitea var epitea a rust fungus Pucciniales: Melampsoraceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Melampsoraceae/Melampsora epitea var. epitea/Melampsora epitea var. epiteaa rust funguspycnium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus europaeus/Euonymus europaeusspindleliveleafMinor pycnium parasitises live leaf
stem stem has sap sucked by Major Aphis fabae Black Bean Aphid Hemiptera: Aphididae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
Aphids Recorded on Cultivated Plants in Norway 1946-1962, Fjelddalen, J., 1964
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Aphididae/Aphis (Aphis) fabae/Aphis (Aphis) fabaeblack bean aphid Foodplant / sap sucker /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus europaeus/Euonymus europaeusspindlestemMajor (winter)sucks sap of stem
stick (dead, fallen) dead, fallen stick is decayed by fruitbody Minor Peniophora lycii Ashen Crust Russulales: Peniophoraceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Peniophoraceae/Peniophora lycii/Peniophora lyciiashen crustfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus europaeus/Euonymus europaeusspindledead, fallenstickMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, fallen stick
trunk (live) live trunk is parasitised by fruitbody Major Phylloporia ribis a bracket fungus Hymenochaetales: Hymenochaetaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Hymenochaetales/Hymenochaetaceae/Phylloporia ribis/Phylloporia ribisa bracket fungusfruitbody Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus europaeus/Euonymus europaeusspindlelivetrunkMajor fruitbody parasitises live trunk
twig (thin) twig (thin) is decayed by thickly crowded, covered, finally protruding pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Diaporthe circumscripta a valsoid pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Diaporthaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Diaporthaceae/Diaporthe circumscripta/Diaporthe circumscriptaa valsoid pyrenomycetethickly crowded, covered, finally protrudingpycnidiumPhomopsis coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus europaeus/Euonymus europaeusspindletwig (thin) (5-9)thickly crowded, covered, finally protruding pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on twig (thin)
twig twig is decayed by gregarious pycnidium of Ascochyta coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Ascochyta euonymella a coelomycete Pleosporales British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Ascochyta euonymella/Ascochyta euonymellaa coelomycetegregariouspycnidiumAscochyta coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus europaeus/Euonymus europaeusspindletwig gregarious pycnidium of Ascochyta coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on twig
twig (dead) dead twig is associate of adult Aneurus avenius a flat bark bug Hemiptera: Aradidae Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Aradidae/Aneurus (Aneurodes) avenius/Aneurus (Aneurodes) aveniusa flat bark bugadult Plant / associate /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus europaeus/Euonymus europaeusspindledeadtwig adult is associated with dead twig
wood wood is decayed by fruitbody UK/Ireland Auricularia auricula-judae Jelly Ear, The Jew’s Ear, Judas’s Ear Fungus Auriculariales: Auriculariaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Unusual hosts for some common British fungi, Reid, D.A., 1978
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Auriculariales/Auriculariaceae/Auricularia auricula-judae/Auricularia auricula-judaejelly ear, The Jew’s ear, Judas’s ear fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus europaeus/Euonymus europaeusspindlewood fruitbody is saprobic on wood
wood (dead, decayed) dead, decayed wood is decayed by fruitbody Minor Terana coerulea Cobalt Crust Polyporales: Phanerochaetaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Phanerochaetaceae/Terana coerulea/Terana coeruleacobalt crustfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus europaeus/Euonymus europaeusspindledead, decayedwoodMinor fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed wood
wood (dead) dead wood is decayed by fruitbody Flammulina velutipes var velutipes Velvet Shank, Winter Fungus Agaricales: Physalacriaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Physalacriaceae/Flammulina velutipes var. velutipes/Flammulina velutipes var. velutipesvelvet shank, winter fungusfruitbody Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus europaeus/Euonymus europaeusspindledeadwood (mainly winter)fruitbody is saprobic on dead wood
wood (moribund) moribund wood is parasitised by fruitbody Flammulina velutipes var velutipes Velvet Shank, Winter Fungus Agaricales: Physalacriaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Physalacriaceae/Flammulina velutipes var. velutipes/Flammulina velutipes var. velutipesvelvet shank, winter fungusfruitbody Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus europaeus/Euonymus europaeusspindlemoribundwood fruitbody parasitises moribund wood

Author & YearTitleSource
Braun, U., 1995Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol 1Phytopathogenic Hyphomycetes, 1, 333pp, IHW-Verlag
Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden PlantsCollins Photoguide, 2nd edition edition, Collins
Cox, M.L., 2007Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland336pp, Pisces Publications
Dennis, R.W.G., 1995Fungi of the South East England383pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Fjelddalen, J., 1964Aphids Recorded on Cultivated Plants in Norway 1946-1962Norsk. Ent. Tidskr. 12: 259-295.
Grove, W.B., 1935British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidiaVol I, 488pp, Cambridge University Press
Ing, B., 1990An Introduction to British Powdery MildewsMycologist Vol 4 (1) et seq.
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Reid, D.A., 1978Unusual hosts for some common British fungiBull. Br. mycol. Soc. Vol 12 (2): 87-89.
Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959Land and Water Bugs of the British IslesWayside & Woodland Series, 1959 edition, 436pp, Frederick Warne & Co. Ltd.
Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls95pp, British Plant Gall Society (BPGS)

Euonymus europaeus (Spindle) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Taxonomic hierarchy:
SpeciesEuonymus europaeus (Spindle)
GenusEuonymus (spindles)
FamilyCELASTRACEAE (spindles)
OrderCELASTRALES (spindles and grass of Parnassus)
SubclassEU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
ClassMAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
PhylumTRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
KingdomPLANTAE (plants)
DomainEukaryota (eukaryotes)
LifeBIOTA (living things)
NBNNBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Euonymus europaeus (Spindle)

Euonymus europaeus (Spindle) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Euonymus europaeus (Spindle):

BioImagesBioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 17 images of Euonymus europaeus (Spindle)
Creative Commons License
This website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International Licence.

Unless otherwise expressly stated, all original material on the BioInfo website by Malcolm Storey is licensed under the above Creative Commons Licence.

BioInfo - Wildlife Information (UK)