Galium mollugo L.
(Hedge Bedstraw)

Interactions where Galium mollugo is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part Summary Taxon Vernacular Classification References Darwin Classification of Active Taxon Active Taxon Active Vernacular Active Taxon Uncertain Active State Active Part Active Stage Relationship Relationship Uncertain Relationship Geography Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon Passive Taxon Passive Vernacular Passive Taxon Uncertain Passive State Passive Part Passive Stage Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon Indoors etc Season Summary
is decayed by scattered, black, ocvered then erumpent by papilla pycnidium of Diplodina coelomycetous anamorph Diplodina galii a coelomycete Diaporthales: Gnomoniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Gnomoniaceae/Diplodina galii/Diplodina galiia coelomycetescattered, black, ocvered then erumpent by papillapycnidiumDiplodina coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstraw (4)scattered, black, ocvered then erumpent by papilla pycnidium of Diplodina coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on
(live) live is parasitised by sporangium UK/Ireland Peronospora galii a downy mildew Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
A Checklist of the Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) of the British Isles, Preece, T.F., 2002
/Chromista/Oomycota/Peronosporea/Peronosporales/Peronosporaceae/Peronospora galii/Peronospora galiia downy mildewsporangium Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawlive sporangium parasitises live
(live) live is parasitised by Foreign Neoerysiphe galii a powdery mildew Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews, Ing, B., 1990
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Erysiphales/Erysiphaceae/Neoerysiphe galii/Neoerysiphe galiia powdery mildew Foodplant / parasiteForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawlive parasitises live
(live) live is parasitised by pycnium Puccinia punctata a rust fungus Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia punctata/Puccinia punctataa rust funguspycnium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawlive pycnium parasitises live
flower (live) live flower may have male Melanthrips ficalbii a thrips Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae Thysanoptera, Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Thysanoptera/Aeolothripidae/Melanthrips ficalbii/Melanthrips ficalbiia thripsmale Plant / resting place / on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawliveflower (5-6)male may be found on live flower
flower (live) live flower may have larva Melanthrips ficalbii a thrips Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae Thysanoptera, Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Thysanoptera/Aeolothripidae/Melanthrips ficalbii/Melanthrips ficalbiia thripslarva Plant / resting place / on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawliveflower (6-9)larva may be found on live flower
flower (live) live flower may have female Melanthrips ficalbii a thrips Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae Thysanoptera, Mound L.A., Morison, G.D., Pitkin, B.R. & Palmer, J.M., 1976
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Thysanoptera/Aeolothripidae/Melanthrips ficalbii/Melanthrips ficalbiia thripsfemale Plant / resting place / on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawliveflower (5-8)female may be found on live flower
leaf (base) (live) live leaf (base) is swollen by embedded sorus UK/IrelandMinor Melanotaenium endogenum Bedstraw Smut Ustilaginales: Melanotaeniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Melanotaenium endogenum, Mordue, J.E.M., 1991
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Ustilaginomycetes/Ustilaginales/Melanotaeniaceae/Melanotaenium endogenum/Melanotaenium endogenumbedstraw smutembeddedsorus Foodplant / false gallUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawliveleaf (base)Minor (6-7)embedded sorus causes swelling of live leaf (base)
leaf leaf is grazed by larva Halidamia affinis a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Halidamia affinis/Halidamia affinisa sawflylarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawleaf larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by nocturnal larva Aglaostigma aucupariae a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Aglaostigma aucupariae/Aglaostigma aucupariaea sawflynocturnallarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawleaf nocturnal larva grazes on leaf
leaf leaf is grazed by nocturnal larva Aglaostigma fulvipes a sawfly Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Aglaostigma fulvipes/Aglaostigma fulvipesa sawflynocturnallarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawleaf nocturnal larva grazes on leaf
leaf (fading) fading leaf is parasitised by hypophyllous, grouped pycnidium of Placosphaeria coelomycetous anamorph Placosphaeria punctiformis a coelomycete Dothideales British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Dothideales/Placosphaeria punctiformis/Placosphaeria punctiformisa coelomycetehypophyllous, groupedpycnidiumPlacosphaeria coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawfadingleaf (7-10)hypophyllous, grouped pycnidium of Placosphaeria coelomycetous anamorph parasitises fading leaf
leaf (fading) fading leaf is parasitised by apothecium Leptotrochila verrucosa an ascomycete fungus Helotiales: Dermateaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Leptotrochila verrucosa/Leptotrochila verrucosaan ascomycete fungusapothecium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawfadingleaf (4-10)apothecium parasitises fading leaf
leaf (fading) fading leaf is parasitised by Sporonema coelomycetous anamorph Leptotrochila verrucosa an ascomycete fungus Helotiales: Dermateaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Leptotrochila verrucosa/Leptotrochila verrucosaan ascomycete fungusSporonema coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawfadingleaf (4-10)Sporonema coelomycetous anamorph parasitises fading leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is spotted by mainly hypophyllous, greyish white, punctiform caespituli of Ramularia anamorph Foreign Ramularia galii (An Anamorphic Fungus) Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol II, Braun, U., 1998
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Ramularia galii/Ramularia galii(an anamorphic fungus)mainly hypophyllous, greyish white, punctiformcaespituliRamularia anamorph Foodplant / spot causerForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawliveleaf mainly hypophyllous, greyish white, punctiform caespituli of Ramularia anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by hypophyllous, grouped pycnidium of Placosphaeria coelomycetous anamorph Placosphaeria punctiformis a coelomycete Dothideales British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Dothideales/Placosphaeria punctiformis/Placosphaeria punctiformisa coelomycetehypophyllous, groupedpycnidiumPlacosphaeria coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawliveleaf (7-10)hypophyllous, grouped pycnidium of Placosphaeria coelomycetous anamorph parasitises live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by apothecium Leptotrochila verrucosa an ascomycete fungus Helotiales: Dermateaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Leptotrochila verrucosa/Leptotrochila verrucosaan ascomycete fungusapothecium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawliveleaf (4-10)apothecium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by Sporonema coelomycetous anamorph Leptotrochila verrucosa an ascomycete fungus Helotiales: Dermateaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Leptotrochila verrucosa/Leptotrochila verrucosaan ascomycete fungusSporonema coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawliveleaf (4-10)Sporonema coelomycetous anamorph parasitises live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by hypophyllous aecium Puccinia punctata a rust fungus Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia punctata/Puccinia punctataa rust fungushypophyllousaecium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawliveleaf hypophyllous aecium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by amphigenous uredium Puccinia punctata a rust fungus Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia punctata/Puccinia punctataa rust fungusamphigenousuredium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawliveleaf amphigenous uredium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by amphigenous telium Puccinia punctata a rust fungus Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia punctata/Puccinia punctataa rust fungusamphigenoustelium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawliveleaf amphigenous telium parasitises live leaf
root root is parasitised by underground tuber UK/IrelandMajor Orobanche caryophyllacea Bedstraw Broomrape, Clove-scented Broomrape Lamiales: Orobanchaceae Flora of the British Isles, Clapham, A.R., Tutin, T.G. & Moore, D.M., 1985
New Flora of the British Isles (Ed 2), Stace, C., 1997
/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Orobanchaceae/Orobanche caryophyllacea/Orobanche caryophyllaceabedstraw broomrape, clove-scented broomrapeundergroundtuber Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawrootMajor underground tuber parasitises root
shoot (live) live shoot is swollen by embedded sorus UK/IrelandMinor Melanotaenium endogenum Bedstraw Smut Ustilaginales: Melanotaeniaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Melanotaenium endogenum, Mordue, J.E.M., 1991
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Ustilaginomycetes/Ustilaginales/Melanotaeniaceae/Melanotaenium endogenum/Melanotaenium endogenumbedstraw smutembeddedsorus Foodplant / false gallUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawliveshootMinor (6-7)embedded sorus causes swelling of live shoot
stem mine stem mine may house puparium Restricted Ophiomyia galii a leaf-mining fly Diptera: Agromyzidae Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Ophiomyia galii/Ophiomyia galiia leaf-mining flypuparium Plant / resting place / within /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawstem mineSole puparium may be found in stem mine
stem stem is mined by larva Restricted Aulagromyza buhri a leaf-mining fly Diptera: Agromyzidae Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Aulagromyza buhri/Aulagromyza buhria leaf-mining flylarva Foodplant / miner /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawstemSole larva mines stem
stem stem may have puparium Restricted Aulagromyza buhri a leaf-mining fly Diptera: Agromyzidae Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Aulagromyza buhri/Aulagromyza buhria leaf-mining flypuparium Plant / resting place / on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawstemSole puparium may be found on stem
stem stem may contain larva Restricted Aulagromyza trivittata a leaf-mining fly Diptera: Agromyzidae Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Aulagromyza trivittata/Aulagromyza trivittataa leaf-mining flylarva Foodplant / internal feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawstemSole larva feeds within stem
stem stem is mined by larva Restricted Ophiomyia galii a leaf-mining fly Diptera: Agromyzidae Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972
/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Ophiomyia galii/Ophiomyia galiia leaf-mining flylarva Foodplant / miner /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawstemSole larva mines stem
stem stem is foodplant of subepidermal, elongate stroma of Placosphaeria coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Placosphaeria galii a coelomycete Dothideales British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Dothideales/Placosphaeria galii/Placosphaeria galiia coelomycetesubepidermal, elongatestromaPlacosphaeria coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / feeds onUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawstem (7-8)subepidermal, elongate stroma of Placosphaeria coelomycetous anamorph feeds on stem
stem stem is parasitised by grouped pycnidium of Placosphaeria coelomycetous anamorph Placosphaeria punctiformis a coelomycete Dothideales British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Dothideales/Placosphaeria punctiformis/Placosphaeria punctiformisa coelomycetegroupedpycnidiumPlacosphaeria coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawstem (7-10)grouped pycnidium of Placosphaeria coelomycetous anamorph parasitises stem
stem (dead) dead stem is decayed by minute, scattered, punctiform, black pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Septoria galiorum a leaf-spot fungus Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Septoria galiorum/Septoria galioruma leaf-spot fungusminute, scattered, punctiform, blackpycnidiumSeptoria coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawdeadstem (6)minute, scattered, punctiform, black pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead stem
stem (dead) dead stem is spotted by slightly protruding, clear brown pycnidium of Ascochyta coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Ascochyta caulicola a coleomycete Pleosporales British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Ascochyta caulicola/Ascochyta caulicolaa coleomyceteslightly protruding, clear brownpycnidiumAscochyta coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / spot causerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawdeadstem (4)slightly protruding, clear brown pycnidium of Ascochyta coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on dead stem
stem (dead) dead stem is decayed by gregarious to scattered, erumpent apothecium Foreign Pyrenopeziza galii a discomycete Helotiales: Dermateaceae New British Records 187: Pyrenopeziza galii Fuckel, Spooner, B.M., 2001
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Pyrenopeziza galii/Pyrenopeziza galiia discomycetegregarious to scattered, erumpentapothecium Foodplant / saprobeForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawdeadstem gregarious to scattered, erumpent apothecium is saprobic on dead stem
stem (dead) dead stem is decayed by thinly scattered, immersed soon erumpent pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Phomopsis elliptica a coelomycete Diaporthales: Diaporthaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Diaporthaceae/Phomopsis elliptica/Phomopsis ellipticaa coelomycetethinly scattered, immersed soon erumpentpycnidiumPhomopsis coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawdeadstem (1-4)thinly scattered, immersed soon erumpent pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead stem
stem (fading) fading stem is parasitised by apothecium Leptotrochila verrucosa an ascomycete fungus Helotiales: Dermateaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Leptotrochila verrucosa/Leptotrochila verrucosaan ascomycete fungusapothecium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawfadingstem (4-10)apothecium parasitises fading stem
stem (fading) fading stem is parasitised by Sporonema coelomycetous anamorph Leptotrochila verrucosa an ascomycete fungus Helotiales: Dermateaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Leptotrochila verrucosa/Leptotrochila verrucosaan ascomycete fungusSporonema coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawfadingstem (4-10)Sporonema coelomycetous anamorph parasitises fading stem
stem (live) live stem is parasitised by apothecium Leptotrochila verrucosa an ascomycete fungus Helotiales: Dermateaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Leptotrochila verrucosa/Leptotrochila verrucosaan ascomycete fungusapothecium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawlivestem (4-10)apothecium parasitises live stem
stem (live) live stem is parasitised by Sporonema coelomycetous anamorph Leptotrochila verrucosa an ascomycete fungus Helotiales: Dermateaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Dermateaceae/Leptotrochila verrucosa/Leptotrochila verrucosaan ascomycete fungusSporonema coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawlivestem (4-10)Sporonema coelomycetous anamorph parasitises live stem
stem (live) live stem is swollen by embedded sorus UK/IrelandMinor Melanotaenium endogenum Bedstraw Smut Ustilaginales: Melanotaeniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Melanotaenium endogenum, Mordue, J.E.M., 1991
/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Ustilaginomycetes/Ustilaginales/Melanotaeniaceae/Melanotaenium endogenum/Melanotaenium endogenumbedstraw smutembeddedsorus Foodplant / false gallUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Gentianales/Rubiaceae/Galium mollugo/Galium mollugohedge bedstrawlivestemMinor (6-7)embedded sorus causes swelling of live stem

Author & YearTitleSource
Benson, R.B., 1952Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b)Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol VI, Part 2(b), 137pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Braun, U., 1998Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol IIPhytopathogenic Hyphomycetes, 2, 493pp, IHW-Verlag
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Galium mollugo (Hedge Bedstraw) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Taxonomic hierarchy:
SpeciesGalium mollugo (Hedge Bedstraw)
GenusGalium (bedstraws)
FamilyRUBIACEAE (madder, goosegrass and bedstraws)
OrderGENTIANALES (bedstraws, gentians and periwinkles)
SubclassEU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
ClassMAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
PhylumTRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
KingdomPLANTAE (plants)
DomainEukaryota (eukaryotes)
LifeBIOTA (living things)
NBNNBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Galium mollugo (Hedge Bedstraw)

Galium mollugo (Hedge Bedstraw) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Galium mollugo (Hedge Bedstraw):

BioImagesBioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 20 images of Galium mollugo (Hedge Bedstraw)
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