Parasympodiella clarkii B. Sutton
(a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus)

Interactions where Parasympodiella clarkii is the dominant partner and gains from the process

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Stage		Summary			Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active Taxon Uncertain	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Uncertain	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Stage	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Indoors etc	Season
Parasympodiella dematiaceous anamorph (effuse)		effuse colony of Parasympodiella dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead, fallen twig			Pinus	pines	Pinales: Pinaceae	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 New and interesting microfungi from the 1978 Exeter foray, Hawksworth, D.L. & Minter. D.W., 1980	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Parasympodiella clarkii/	Parasympodiella clarkii	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		effuse	colony	Parasympodiella dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Pinaceae/Pinus/	Pinus	pines		dead, fallen	twig				(9-12)
Parasympodiella dematiaceous anamorph (effuse)		effuse colony of Parasympodiella dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead, fallen needle			Pinus	pines	Pinales: Pinaceae	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 New and interesting microfungi from the 1978 Exeter foray, Hawksworth, D.L. & Minter. D.W., 1980	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Parasympodiella clarkii/	Parasympodiella clarkii	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		effuse	colony	Parasympodiella dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Pinaceae/Pinus/	Pinus	pines		dead, fallen	needle				(9-12)
Parasympodiella dematiaceous anamorph (effuse)		effuse colony of Parasympodiella dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead, fallen twig			Pinus sylvestris	Scots Pine	Pinales: Pinaceae	New and interesting microfungi from the 1978 Exeter foray, Hawksworth, D.L. & Minter. D.W., 1980	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Parasympodiella clarkii/	Parasympodiella clarkii	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		effuse	colony	Parasympodiella dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Pinaceae/Pinus sylvestris/	Pinus sylvestris	Scots pine		dead, fallen	twig				(9-12)
Parasympodiella dematiaceous anamorph (effuse)		effuse colony of Parasympodiella dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead, fallen needle			Pinus sylvestris	Scots Pine	Pinales: Pinaceae	New and interesting microfungi from the 1978 Exeter foray, Hawksworth, D.L. & Minter. D.W., 1980	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Parasympodiella clarkii/	Parasympodiella clarkii	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		effuse	colony	Parasympodiella dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Pinaceae/Pinus sylvestris/	Pinus sylvestris	Scots pine		dead, fallen	needle				(9-12)

Author & Year	Title	Source
Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	Fungi of the South East England	383pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook	2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Hawksworth, D.L. & Minter. D.W., 1980	New and interesting microfungi from the 1978 Exeter foray	TBMS Vol 74 (3): 567-577.

Parasympodiella clarkii (a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus) may also be included in 'feeds on' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Parasympodiella clarkii (a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus) may be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Anamorphic Species	Parasympodiella clarkii (a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus)
Subphylum	PEZIZOMYCOTINA (a subphylum of ascomycetes)
Phylum	ASCOMYCOTA (spore shooters, ascomycete)
Kingdom	FUNGI (true fungi)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

Parasympodiella clarkii is also a member of:
Micromycetes - microfungi (via Ascomycota)
Fungi s.l. - fungi (in the broad sense) (via Fungi)
Lower Plants - lower plants (via Fungi s.l.)

NBN

NBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Parasympodiella clarkii (a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus)

Identification Works

Handling & Magnification	Author	Year	Title	Source
	Hawksworth, D.L. & Minter. D.W.	1980	New and interesting microfungi from the 1978 Exeter foray	TBMS Vol 74 (3): 567-577.

Parasympodiella clarkii (a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus) may also be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

ASCOMYCOTA
(spore shooters, ascomycete)

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Parasympodiella clarkii (a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus):

ASCOMYCOTA
(spore shooters, ascomycete)

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

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