Valeriana officinalis (common valerian)

Interactions where Valeriana officinalis is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part	Summary	Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Season	Summary
	has sap sucked by adult	Acompus rufipes	a ground bug	Hemiptera: Lygaeidae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Lygaeidae/Acompus rufipes/	Acompus rufipes	a ground bug			adult	Foodplant / sap sucker		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian	?					adult sucks sap of
	has sap sucked by nymph	Acompus rufipes	a ground bug	Hemiptera: Lygaeidae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Lygaeidae/Acompus rufipes/	Acompus rufipes	a ground bug			nymph	Foodplant / sap sucker		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian	?					nymph sucks sap of
(live)	live has sap sucked by	Macrosiphum rosae	Rose Aphid	Hemiptera: Aphididae	Aphids Recorded on Cultivated Plants in Norway 1946-1962, Fjelddalen, J., 1964	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Aphididae/Macrosiphum (Macrosiphum) rosae/	Macrosiphum (Macrosiphum) rosae	rose aphid				Foodplant / sap sucker	Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian		live				sucks sap of live
(live)	live is parasitised by sporangium	Peronospora valerianae	a downy mildew	Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 A Checklist of the Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) of the British Isles, Preece, T.F., 2002	/Chromista/Oomycota/Peronosporea/Peronosporales/Peronosporaceae/Peronospora valerianae/	Peronospora valerianae	a downy mildew			sporangium	Foodplant / parasite	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian		live				sporangium parasitises live
(live)	live is parasitised by plentiful conidial anamorph	Golovinomyces valerianae	a powdery mildew	Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews, Ing, B., 1990	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Erysiphales/Erysiphaceae/Golovinomyces valerianae/	Golovinomyces valerianae	a powdery mildew	plentiful		conidial anamorph	Foodplant / parasite	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian		live				plentiful conidial anamorph parasitises live
(live)	live is parasitised by cleistothecium	Golovinomyces valerianae	a powdery mildew	Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews, Ing, B., 1990	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Erysiphales/Erysiphaceae/Golovinomyces valerianae/	Golovinomyces valerianae	a powdery mildew			cleistothecium	Foodplant / parasite	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian		live				cleistothecium parasitises live
(live)	live is parasitised by pycnium	Puccinia commutata	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia commutata/	Puccinia commutata	a rust fungus			pycnium	Foodplant / parasite		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian		live				pycnium parasitises live
(live)	live is parasitised by pycnium	Puccinia commutata	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia commutata/	Puccinia commutata	a rust fungus			pycnium	Foodplant / parasite		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian		live				pycnium parasitises live
(live)	live is parasitised by pycnium	Uromyces valerianae	Valerian Rust	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Uromyces valerianae/	Uromyces valerianae	valerian rust			pycnium	Foodplant / parasite		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian		live				pycnium parasitises live
(live)	live is parasitised by telium	Uromyces valerianae	Valerian Rust	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Uromyces valerianae/	Uromyces valerianae	valerian rust			telium	Foodplant / parasite		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian		live				telium parasitises live
leaf	leaf is mined by larva	Liriomyza valerianae	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Liriomyza valerianae/	Liriomyza valerianae	a leaf-mining fly			larva	Foodplant / miner		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian			leaf			larva mines leaf
leaf	leaf is grazed by nocturnal larva	Macrophya albicincta s.l.	a sawfly	Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae	Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b), Benson, R.B., 1952 Remarques taxinomiques et biologiques sur les Macrophya [hym. Tenthredinidae] se developpant sur Sambucus [Caprifoliaceae], Chevin, H., 1975 Macrophya parvula Konow. (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) new to Britain, Liston, A.D., 1987	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Macrophya albicincta s.l./	Macrophya albicincta s.l.	a sawfly	nocturnal		larva	Foodplant / open feeder		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian			leaf	Minor		nocturnal larva grazes on leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by colony of Arthrinium dematiaceous anamorph	Arthrinium phaeospermum	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	Apiosporaceae	British marsh and fen fungi. II, Ellis, M.B., Ellis, E.A. & Ellis, J.P., 1951	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Apiosporaceae/Arthrinium phaeospermum/	Arthrinium phaeospermum	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		colony	Arthrinium dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian		dead	leaf		(esp. 7-8)	colony of Arthrinium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is spotted by epiphyllous, few, immersed, then erumpent pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph	Phyllosticta valerianae	a coelomycete	Botryosphaeriales: Phyllostictaceae	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Botryosphaeriales/Phyllostictaceae/Phyllosticta valerianae/	Phyllosticta valerianae	a coelomycete	epiphyllous, few, immersed, then erumpent	pycnidium	Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian		live	leaf		(8)	epiphyllous, few, immersed, then erumpent pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is spotted by mainly hypophyllous, punctiform to subeffuse caespituli of Ramularia anamorph	Ramularia valerianae var valerianae	an anamorphic fungus	Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae	Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol II, Braun, U., 1998 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Ramularia valerianae var. valerianae/	Ramularia valerianae var. valerianae	an anamorphic fungus	mainly hypophyllous, punctiform to subeffuse	caespituli	Ramularia anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian		live	leaf			mainly hypophyllous, punctiform to subeffuse caespituli of Ramularia anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is parasitised by hypophyllous, circinate or irregularly grouped aecium	Puccinia commutata	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	New or interesting British fungi, Dennis, R.W.G. & Wakefield, E.M., 1946 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia commutata/	Puccinia commutata	a rust fungus	hypophyllous, circinate or irregularly grouped		aecium	Foodplant / parasite	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian		live	leaf			hypophyllous, circinate or irregularly grouped aecium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is parasitised by hypophyllous telium	Puccinia commutata	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	New or interesting British fungi, Dennis, R.W.G. & Wakefield, E.M., 1946 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia commutata/	Puccinia commutata	a rust fungus	hypophyllous		telium	Foodplant / parasite	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian		live	leaf			hypophyllous telium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is parasitised by hypophyllous telium	Puccinia commutata	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	New or interesting British fungi, Dennis, R.W.G. & Wakefield, E.M., 1946 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia commutata/	Puccinia commutata	a rust fungus	hypophyllous		telium	Foodplant / parasite	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian		live	leaf			hypophyllous telium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is parasitised by hypophyllous, circinate or irregularly grouped aecium	Puccinia commutata	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	New or interesting British fungi, Dennis, R.W.G. & Wakefield, E.M., 1946 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia commutata/	Puccinia commutata	a rust fungus	hypophyllous, circinate or irregularly grouped		aecium	Foodplant / parasite		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian		live	leaf			hypophyllous, circinate or irregularly grouped aecium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is galled by hypophyllous aecium	Uromyces valerianae	Valerian Rust	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005 Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls, Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Uromyces valerianae/	Uromyces valerianae	valerian rust	hypophyllous		aecium	Foodplant / gall		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian		live	leaf			hypophyllous aecium causes gall of live leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is parasitised by amphigenous uredium	Uromyces valerianae	Valerian Rust	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Uromyces valerianae/	Uromyces valerianae	valerian rust	amphigenous		uredium	Foodplant / parasite		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian		live	leaf			amphigenous uredium parasitises live leaf
petiole (live, swollen, distorted)	live, swollen, distorted petiole is galled by linearly arranged, often confluent telium	Puccinia commutata	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	New or interesting British fungi, Dennis, R.W.G. & Wakefield, E.M., 1946 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia commutata/	Puccinia commutata	a rust fungus	linearly arranged, often confluent		telium	Foodplant / gall	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian		live, swollen, distorted	petiole			linearly arranged, often confluent telium causes gall of live, swollen, distorted petiole
petiole (live, swollen, distorted)	live, swollen, distorted petiole is galled by linearly arranged, often confluent telium	Puccinia commutata	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	New or interesting British fungi, Dennis, R.W.G. & Wakefield, E.M., 1946 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia commutata/	Puccinia commutata	a rust fungus	linearly arranged, often confluent		telium	Foodplant / gall	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian		live, swollen, distorted	petiole			linearly arranged, often confluent telium causes gall of live, swollen, distorted petiole
petiole (live)	live petiole is parasitised by aecium	Puccinia commutata	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	New or interesting British fungi, Dennis, R.W.G. & Wakefield, E.M., 1946 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia commutata/	Puccinia commutata	a rust fungus			aecium	Foodplant / parasite		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian		live	petiole			aecium parasitises live petiole
petiole (live)	live petiole is parasitised by aecium	Puccinia commutata	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	New or interesting British fungi, Dennis, R.W.G. & Wakefield, E.M., 1946 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia commutata/	Puccinia commutata	a rust fungus			aecium	Foodplant / parasite	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian		live	petiole			aecium parasitises live petiole
stem (dead)	dead stem is decayed by immersed, becoming erumpent conidioma of Chaetospermum coelomycetous anamorph	Chaetospermum chaetosporum	a coelomycete		Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Chaetospermum chaetosporum/	Chaetospermum chaetosporum	a coelomycete	immersed, becoming erumpent	conidioma	Chaetospermum coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian		dead	stem			immersed, becoming erumpent conidioma of Chaetospermum coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead stem
stem (dead)	dead stem is decayed by colony of Arthrinium dematiaceous anamorph	Arthrinium phaeospermum	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	Apiosporaceae	British marsh and fen fungi. II, Ellis, M.B., Ellis, E.A. & Ellis, J.P., 1951	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Apiosporaceae/Arthrinium phaeospermum/	Arthrinium phaeospermum	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		colony	Arthrinium dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian		dead	stem		(esp. 7-8)	colony of Arthrinium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead stem
stem (live, pale spotted)	live, pale spotted stem is parasitised by in more or less elongated groups aecium	Puccinia commutata	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	New or interesting British fungi, Dennis, R.W.G. & Wakefield, E.M., 1946 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia commutata/	Puccinia commutata	a rust fungus	in more or less elongated groups		aecium	Foodplant / parasite		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian		live, pale spotted	stem			in more or less elongated groups aecium parasitises live, pale spotted stem
stem (live, pale spotted)	live, pale spotted stem is parasitised by in more or less elongated groups aecium	Puccinia commutata	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	New or interesting British fungi, Dennis, R.W.G. & Wakefield, E.M., 1946 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia commutata/	Puccinia commutata	a rust fungus	in more or less elongated groups		aecium	Foodplant / parasite	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian		live, pale spotted	stem			in more or less elongated groups aecium parasitises live, pale spotted stem
stem (live)	live stem is parasitised by linearly arranged, often confluent telium	Puccinia commutata	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	New or interesting British fungi, Dennis, R.W.G. & Wakefield, E.M., 1946 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia commutata/	Puccinia commutata	a rust fungus	linearly arranged, often confluent		telium	Foodplant / parasite	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian		live	stem			linearly arranged, often confluent telium parasitises live stem
stem (live)	live stem is parasitised by linearly arranged, often confluent telium	Puccinia commutata	a rust fungus	Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae	New or interesting British fungi, Dennis, R.W.G. & Wakefield, E.M., 1946 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia commutata/	Puccinia commutata	a rust fungus	linearly arranged, often confluent		telium	Foodplant / parasite	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Dipsacales/Caprifoliaceae/Valeriana officinalis/	Valeriana officinalis	common valerian		live	stem			linearly arranged, often confluent telium parasitises live stem

Species	Valeriana officinalis (Common Valerian)
Genus	Valeriana (valerians)
Family	CAPRIFOLIACEAE (honeysuckles, scabiouses and valerians)
Order	DIPSACALES (elder, honeysuckles, valerians, scabiouses and teasels)
Subclass	EU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
Class	MAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
Phylum	TRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
Kingdom	PLANTAE (plants)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

Valeriana officinalis L.
(Common Valerian)

Interactions where Valeriana officinalis is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Valeriana officinalis is also a member of:

General Works

BioInfo - Wildlife Information (UK)

Author & Year	Title	Source
Benson, R.B., 1952	Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (b)	Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol VI, Part 2(b), 137pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Braun, U., 1998	Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol II	Phytopathogenic Hyphomycetes, 2, 493pp, IHW-Verlag
Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants	Collins Photoguide, 2nd edition edition, Collins
Chevin, H., 1975	Remarques taxinomiques et biologiques sur les Macrophya [hym. Tenthredinidae] se developpant sur Sambucus [Caprifoliaceae]	Vol 11 (2)
Dennis, R.W.G. & Wakefield, E.M., 1946	New or interesting British fungi	TBMS Vol 29 (3): 141-166.
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook	2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Ellis, M.B., Ellis, E.A. & Ellis, J.P., 1951	British marsh and fen fungi. II	TBMS Vol 34 (4): 497-514.
Fjelddalen, J., 1964	Aphids Recorded on Cultivated Plants in Norway 1946-1962	Norsk. Ent. Tidskr. 12: 259-295.
Grove, W.B., 1935	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia	Vol I, 488pp, Cambridge University Press
Ing, B., 1990	An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews	Mycologist Vol 4 (1) et seq.
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota	517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Liston, A.D., 1987	Macrophya parvula Konow. (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) new to Britain	Ent. Gazette 38: 125-128.
Preece, T.F., 2002	A Checklist of the Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) of the British Isles	33pp, British Mycological Society
Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles	Wayside & Woodland Series, 1959 edition, 436pp, Frederick Warne & Co. Ltd.
Spencer, K.A., 1972	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol X. Part 5(g), 136pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986	Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls	95pp, British Plant Gall Society (BPGS)