Conium maculatum L.
(Hemlock)

Interactions where Conium maculatum is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part Summary Taxon Vernacular Classification References Darwin Classification of Active Taxon Active Taxon Active Vernacular Active Taxon Uncertain Active State Active Part Active Stage Relationship Relationship Uncertain Relationship Geography Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon Passive Taxon Passive Vernacular Passive Taxon Uncertain Passive State Passive Part Passive Stage Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon Indoors etc Season Summary
(live) live has sap sucked by Major Hyadaphis passerinii Honeysuckle Aphid Hemiptera: Aphididae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Aphididae/Hyadaphis passerinii/Hyadaphis passeriniihoneysuckle aphid Foodplant / sap sucker /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Apiales/Apiaceae/Conium maculatum/Conium maculatumhemlockliveMajor (summer)sucks sap of live
(live) live is parasitised by conidial anamorph UK/Ireland Erysiphe heraclei Umbellifer Powdery Mildew, Umbellifer Mildew Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews, Ing, B., 1990
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Erysiphales/Erysiphaceae/Erysiphe heraclei/Erysiphe heracleiumbellifer powdery mildew, umbellifer mildewconidial anamorph Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Apiales/Apiaceae/Conium maculatum/Conium maculatumhemlocklive conidial anamorph parasitises live
(live) live is parasitised by cleistothecium UK/Ireland Erysiphe heraclei Umbellifer Powdery Mildew, Umbellifer Mildew Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews, Ing, B., 1990
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Erysiphales/Erysiphaceae/Erysiphe heraclei/Erysiphe heracleiumbellifer powdery mildew, umbellifer mildewcleistothecium Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Apiales/Apiaceae/Conium maculatum/Conium maculatumhemlocklive cleistothecium parasitises live
(live) live is parasitised by Asteroma coelomycetous anamorph UK/IrelandQuestionable Asteroma robergei a coelomycete Diaporthales: Gnomoniaceae Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Gnomoniaceae/Asteroma robergei/Asteroma robergeia coelomyceteAsteroma coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Apiales/Apiaceae/Conium maculatum/Conium maculatumhemlock?live Asteroma coelomycetous anamorph parasitises live
(live) live is parasitised by telium Puccinia conii Hemlock Rust Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia conii/Puccinia coniihemlock rusttelium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Apiales/Apiaceae/Conium maculatum/Conium maculatumhemlocklive telium parasitises live
leaf leaf is mined by larva Restricted Phytomyza conii a leaf-mining fly Diptera: Agromyzidae Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Phytomyza conii/Phytomyza coniia leaf-mining flylarva Foodplant / miner /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Apiales/Apiaceae/Conium maculatum/Conium maculatumhemlockleafSole larva mines leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is grazed by adult Chrysolina oricalcia a leaf beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Chrysolina oricalcia/Chrysolina oricalciaa leaf beetleadult Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Apiales/Apiaceae/Conium maculatum/Conium maculatumhemlockliveleaf (3-)5-6(-10)adult grazes on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is mined by larva UK/Ireland Euleia heraclei Common Umbel Leaf-miner, Celery Fly, Celery Leaf Miner Diptera: Tephritidae Tephritid Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae), White, I.M., 1988
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tephritidae/Euleia heraclei/Euleia heracleicommon umbel leaf-miner, celery fly, celery leaf minerlarva Foodplant / minerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Apiales/Apiaceae/Conium maculatum/Conium maculatumhemlockliveleaf larva mines live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by hypophyllous colony of sporangium UK/Ireland Plasmopara crustosa s. lat. Umbellifer Downy Mildew Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
A Checklist of the Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) of the British Isles, Preece, T.F., 2002
 /Chromista/Oomycota/Peronosporea/Peronosporales/Peronosporaceae/Plasmopara crustosa s. lat./Plasmopara crustosa s. lat.umbellifer downy mildewhypophyllouscolonysporangium Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Apiales/Apiaceae/Conium maculatum/Conium maculatumhemlockliveleaf hypophyllous colony of sporangium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is spotted by amphigenous, in small scattered groups colony of Ramularia hyphomycetous anamorph Foreign Ramularia heraclei emend U. Braun an anamorphic fungus Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol II, Braun, U., 1998
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Ramularia heraclei emend U. Braun/Ramularia heraclei emend U. Braunan anamorphic fungusamphigenous, in small scattered groupscolonyRamularia hyphomycetous anamorph Foodplant / spot causerForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Apiales/Apiaceae/Conium maculatum/Conium maculatumhemlockliveleaf amphigenous, in small scattered groups colony of Ramularia hyphomycetous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by hypophyllous uredium Puccinia conii Hemlock Rust Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia conii/Puccinia coniihemlock rusthypophyllousuredium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Apiales/Apiaceae/Conium maculatum/Conium maculatumhemlockliveleaf hypophyllous uredium parasitises live leaf
pollen pollen is foodplant of adult Questionable Chrysolina oricalcia a leaf beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Chrysolina oricalcia/Chrysolina oricalciaa leaf beetleadult Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Apiales/Apiaceae/Conium maculatum/Conium maculatumhemlock?pollen (3-)5-6(-10)adult feeds on pollen
root (live) live root may contain larva UK/Ireland Chamaepsila rosae Carrot Fly Diptera: Psilidae The British Species of Psilidae (Diptera), Collin, J.E., 1944
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Psilidae/Chamaepsila rosae/Chamaepsila rosaecarrot flylarva Foodplant / internal feederUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Apiales/Apiaceae/Conium maculatum/Conium maculatumhemlockliveroot larva feeds within live root
stem (lower part) (dead, standing) dead, standing stem (lower part) is decayed by effuse colony of Dendryphiella dematiaceous anamorph Dendryphiella vinosa a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Pleosporales: Pleosporaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Pleosporaceae/Dendryphiella vinosa/Dendryphiella vinosaa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyDendryphiella dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Apiales/Apiaceae/Conium maculatum/Conium maculatumhemlockdead, standingstem (lower part) (5-9)effuse colony of Dendryphiella dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead, standing stem (lower part)
stem (dead, blackened) dead, blackened stem is decayed by perithecium Diaporthe arctii a pyrenomycete Diaporthales: Diaporthaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Diaporthaceae/Diaporthe arctii/Diaporthe arctiia pyrenomyceteperithecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Apiales/Apiaceae/Conium maculatum/Conium maculatumhemlockdead, blackenedstem perithecium is saprobic on dead, blackened stem
stem (dead, fallen) dead, fallen stem is decayed by effuse colony of Dendryphiella dematiaceous anamorph Dendryphiella vinosa a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Pleosporales: Pleosporaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Pleosporaceae/Dendryphiella vinosa/Dendryphiella vinosaa dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyDendryphiella dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Apiales/Apiaceae/Conium maculatum/Conium maculatumhemlockdead, fallenstem (5-9)effuse colony of Dendryphiella dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead, fallen stem
stem (dead, standing) dead, standing stem is decayed by sessile apothecium Belonidium mollissimum a discomycete Helotiales: Lachnaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Lachnaceae/Belonidium mollissimum/Belonidium mollissimuma discomycetesessileapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Apiales/Apiaceae/Conium maculatum/Conium maculatumhemlockdead, standingstem (4-7)sessile apothecium is saprobic on dead, standing stem
stem (dead) dead stem is decayed by apothecium Crocicreas cyathoideum var cyathoideum a discomycete Helotiales: Helotiaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Helotiaceae/Crocicreas cyathoideum var. cyathoideum/Crocicreas cyathoideum var. cyathoideuma discomyceteapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Apiales/Apiaceae/Conium maculatum/Conium maculatumhemlockdeadstem (3-10)apothecium is saprobic on dead stem
stem (dead) dead stem is decayed by sessile apothecium Discocistella grevillei a discomycete Helotiales: Hyaloscyphaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Hyaloscyphaceae/Discocistella grevillei/Discocistella grevilleia discomycetesessileapothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Apiales/Apiaceae/Conium maculatum/Conium maculatumhemlockdeadstem (4-8)sessile apothecium is saprobic on dead stem
stem (dead) dead stem is decayed by effuse colony of Pleurophragmium dematiaceous anamorph Pleurophragmium parvisporum a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Helotiales Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Pleurophragmium parvisporum/Pleurophragmium parvisporuma dematiaceous anamorphic funguseffusecolonyPleurophragmium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Apiales/Apiaceae/Conium maculatum/Conium maculatumhemlockdeadstem (1-12)effuse colony of Pleurophragmium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead stem
stem (dead) dead stem is decayed by sclerotium UK/Ireland Botrytis cinerea Grey Mould Helotiales: Sclerotiniaceae Teaching techniques for mycology: 21. Sclerotinia, Botrytis and Monilia (Ascomycota, Leotiales, Sclerotiniaceae), Weber, R.W.S. & Webster, J., 2003
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Sclerotiniaceae/Botrytis cinerea/Botrytis cinereagrey mouldsclerotium Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Apiales/Apiaceae/Conium maculatum/Conium maculatumhemlockdeadstem (winter-early spring)sclerotium is saprobic on dead stem
stem (dead) dead stem is decayed by irregularly gregarious, subepidermal pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Phomopsis conii a coelomycete Diaporthales: Diaporthaceae British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Diaporthaceae/Phomopsis conii/Phomopsis coniia coelomyceteirregularly gregarious, subepidermalpycnidiumPhomopsis coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Apiales/Apiaceae/Conium maculatum/Conium maculatumhemlockdeadstem (11)irregularly gregarious, subepidermal pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead stem
stem (dead) dead stem is decayed by colony of Stachybotrys dematiaceous anamorph Stachybotrys dichroa a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus Hypocreales Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Stachybotrys dichroa/Stachybotrys dichroaa dematiaceous anamorphic funguscolonyStachybotrys dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Apiales/Apiaceae/Conium maculatum/Conium maculatumhemlockdeadstem (4-9)colony of Stachybotrys dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead stem

Author & YearTitleSource
Braun, U., 1998Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol IIPhytopathogenic Hyphomycetes, 2, 493pp, IHW-Verlag
Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden PlantsCollins Photoguide, 2nd edition edition, Collins
Collin, J.E., 1944The British Species of Psilidae (Diptera)EMM Ent. Mon. Mag.: 214-224.
Cox, M.L., 2007Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland336pp, Pisces Publications
Dennis, R.W.G., 1995Fungi of the South East England383pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Grove, W.B., 1935British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidiaVol I, 488pp, Cambridge University Press
Ing, B., 1990An Introduction to British Powdery MildewsMycologist Vol 4 (1) et seq.
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Preece, T.F., 2002A Checklist of the Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) of the British Isles33pp, British Mycological Society
Spencer, K.A., 1972Diptera: AgromyzidaeHandbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol X. Part 5(g), 136pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Weber, R.W.S. & Webster, J., 2003Teaching techniques for mycology: 21. Sclerotinia, Botrytis and Monilia (Ascomycota, Leotiales, Sclerotiniaceae)Mycologist Vol 17 (3): 111-115.
White, I.M., 1988Tephritid Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae)Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol 10. Part 5a, 134pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London

Conium maculatum (Hemlock) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Taxonomic hierarchy:
SpeciesConium maculatum (Hemlock)
FamilyAPIACEAE (umbellifers)
OrderAPIALES (umbellifers, ivies and pennyworts)
SubclassEU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
ClassMAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
PhylumTRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
KingdomPLANTAE (plants)
DomainEukaryota (eukaryotes)
LifeBIOTA (living things)
NBNNBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Conium maculatum (Hemlock)

Conium maculatum (Hemlock) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

General Works

AuthorYearTitleSource
Romano G. 1948 The Death Of Socrates 177pp

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may also be relevant to Conium maculatum (Hemlock):

BioImagesBioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 11 images of Conium maculatum (Hemlock)
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