Euonymus japonicus Thunb.
(Evergreen Spindle, Japanese Spindle)

Interactions where Euonymus japonicus is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part		Summary			Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active Taxon Uncertain	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Uncertain	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Stage	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Indoors etc	Season	Summary
		may be infected and damaged by			Armillaria	honey fungi	Agaricales: Physalacriaceae	British Parasitic Fungi, Moore, W.C., 1959	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Physalacriaceae/Armillaria/	Armillaria	honey fungi					Foodplant / pathogen		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus japonicus/	Euonymus japonicus	evergreen spindle, Japanese spindle								infects and damages
branch (dead)		dead branch is decayed by gregarious, erumpent stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph			Cytospora euonymi	a stromatic coelomycete	Diaporthales: Valsaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Valsaceae/Cytospora euonymi/	Cytospora euonymi	a stromatic coelomycete		gregarious, erumpent	stroma	Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus japonicus/	Euonymus japonicus	evergreen spindle, Japanese spindle		dead	branch				(6-9)	gregarious, erumpent stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead branch
leaf		leaf is spotted by scattered, epiphyllous pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph			Phyllosticta bolleana	a coelomycete	Botryosphaeriales: Phyllostictaceae	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Botryosphaeriales/Phyllostictaceae/Phyllosticta bolleana/	Phyllosticta bolleana	a coelomycete		scattered, epiphyllous	pycnidium	Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus japonicus/	Euonymus japonicus	evergreen spindle, Japanese spindle			leaf					scattered, epiphyllous pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on leaf
leaf		leaf is spotted by scattered pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph			Phyllosticta euonymella	a coelomycete	Botryosphaeriales: Phyllostictaceae	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Botryosphaeriales/Phyllostictaceae/Phyllosticta euonymella/	Phyllosticta euonymella	a coelomycete		scattered	pycnidium	Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus japonicus/	Euonymus japonicus	evergreen spindle, Japanese spindle			leaf					scattered pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on leaf
leaf		leaf is spotted by scattered, pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph			Phyllosticta euonymi	a coelomycete	Botryosphaeriales: Phyllostictaceae	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Botryosphaeriales/Phyllostictaceae/Phyllosticta euonymi/	Phyllosticta euonymi	a coelomycete		scattered,	pycnidium	Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus japonicus/	Euonymus japonicus	evergreen spindle, Japanese spindle			leaf				(9)	scattered, pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on leaf
leaf		leaf is spotted by few, punctiform pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph			Septoria euonymi	a leaf-spot fungus	Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995 Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Septoria euonymi/	Septoria euonymi	a leaf-spot fungus		few, punctiform	pycnidium	Septoria coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus japonicus/	Euonymus japonicus	evergreen spindle, Japanese spindle			leaf				(4-5)	few, punctiform pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on leaf
leaf		leaf is foodplant of pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph			Diaporthe circumscripta	a valsoid pyrenomycete	Diaporthales: Diaporthaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Diaporthaceae/Diaporthe circumscripta/	Diaporthe circumscripta	a valsoid pyrenomycete			pycnidium	Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / feeds on		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus japonicus/	Euonymus japonicus	evergreen spindle, Japanese spindle			leaf				(5-9)	pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph feeds on leaf
leaf		leaf is foodplant of epiphyllous acervulus of Pestalotiopsis coelomycetous anamorph			Pestalotiopsis neglecta	a coelomycete	Xylariales: Amphisphaeriaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Xylariales/Amphisphaeriaceae/Pestalotiopsis neglecta/	Pestalotiopsis neglecta	a coelomycete		epiphyllous	acervulus	Pestalotiopsis coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / feeds on			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus japonicus/	Euonymus japonicus	evergreen spindle, Japanese spindle			leaf				(6)	epiphyllous acervulus of Pestalotiopsis coelomycetous anamorph feeds on leaf
leaf (dead)		dead leaf is decayed by gregarious, erumpent stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph			Cytospora euonymi	a stromatic coelomycete	Diaporthales: Valsaceae	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Valsaceae/Cytospora euonymi/	Cytospora euonymi	a stromatic coelomycete		gregarious, erumpent	stroma	Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus japonicus/	Euonymus japonicus	evergreen spindle, Japanese spindle		dead	leaf				(6-9)	gregarious, erumpent stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (fading)		fading leaf is decayed by gregarious, erumpent stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph			Cytospora euonymi	a stromatic coelomycete	Diaporthales: Valsaceae	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Valsaceae/Cytospora euonymi/	Cytospora euonymi	a stromatic coelomycete		gregarious, erumpent	stroma	Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus japonicus/	Euonymus japonicus	evergreen spindle, Japanese spindle		fading	leaf				(6-9)	gregarious, erumpent stroma of Cytospora coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on fading leaf
leaf (fallen)		fallen leaf is decayed by amphigenous, dimorphic, visible from both surfaces conidioma of Ceuthospora coelomycetous anamorph			Ceuthospora euonymi	a stromatic coelomycete	Helotiales: Phacidiaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Phacidiaceae/Ceuthospora euonymi/	Ceuthospora euonymi	a stromatic coelomycete		amphigenous, dimorphic, visible from both surfaces	conidioma	Ceuthospora coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus japonicus/	Euonymus japonicus	evergreen spindle, Japanese spindle		fallen	leaf				(8-3)	amphigenous, dimorphic, visible from both surfaces conidioma of Ceuthospora coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on fallen leaf
leaf (live, curled, patchily yellow)		live, curled, patchily yellow leaf is parasitised by mainly hypophyllous Oidium conidial anamorph			Erysiphe euonymicola	Spindletree Mildew	Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews, Ing, B., 1990 Bioimages - the Virtual Field Guide, Storey, M.W., 2015	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Erysiphales/Erysiphaceae/Erysiphe euonymicola/	Erysiphe euonymicola	spindletree mildew		mainly hypophyllous		Oidium conidial anamorph	Foodplant / parasite		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus japonicus/	Euonymus japonicus	evergreen spindle, Japanese spindle		live, curled, patchily yellow	leaf		Sole			mainly hypophyllous Oidium conidial anamorph parasitises live, curled, patchily yellow leaf
leaf (live)		live leaf has sap sucked by hypophyllous male			Unaspis euonymi	Euonymus Scale	Hemiptera: Diaspididae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Diaspididae/Unaspis euonymi/	Unaspis euonymi	Euonymus scale		hypophyllous		male	Foodplant / sap sucker			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus japonicus/	Euonymus japonicus	evergreen spindle, Japanese spindle		live	leaf		Major			hypophyllous male sucks sap of live leaf
leaf (live)		live leaf is spotted by Cercosporella anamorph			Cercosporella euonymi	(A Leaf-spot Fungus)	Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae	Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol 1, Braun, U., 1995	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Cercosporella euonymi/	Cercosporella euonymi	(a leaf-spot fungus)				Cercosporella anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer		Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus japonicus/	Euonymus japonicus	evergreen spindle, Japanese spindle		live	leaf					Cercosporella anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live)		live leaf is parasitised by amphigenous cleistothecium			Erysiphe euonymicola	Spindletree Mildew	Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews, Ing, B., 1990	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Erysiphales/Erysiphaceae/Erysiphe euonymicola/	Erysiphe euonymicola	spindletree mildew		amphigenous		cleistothecium	Foodplant / parasite		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus japonicus/	Euonymus japonicus	evergreen spindle, Japanese spindle		live	leaf		Sole			amphigenous cleistothecium parasitises live leaf
stem (live)		live stem has sap sucked by densely colonial female			Unaspis euonymi	Euonymus Scale	Hemiptera: Diaspididae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Diaspididae/Unaspis euonymi/	Unaspis euonymi	Euonymus scale		densely colonial		female	Foodplant / sap sucker			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus japonicus/	Euonymus japonicus	evergreen spindle, Japanese spindle		live	stem		Major			densely colonial female sucks sap of live stem
twig		twig is foodplant of thickly crowded, covered, finally protruding pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph			Diaporthe circumscripta	a valsoid pyrenomycete	Diaporthales: Diaporthaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Diaporthaceae/Diaporthe circumscripta/	Diaporthe circumscripta	a valsoid pyrenomycete		thickly crowded, covered, finally protruding	pycnidium	Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / feeds on		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus japonicus/	Euonymus japonicus	evergreen spindle, Japanese spindle			twig				(5-9)	thickly crowded, covered, finally protruding pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph feeds on twig
twig (fallen)		fallen twig is decayed by immersed, dimorphic conidioma of Ceuthospora coelomycetous anamorph			Ceuthospora euonymi	a stromatic coelomycete	Helotiales: Phacidiaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Phacidiaceae/Ceuthospora euonymi/	Ceuthospora euonymi	a stromatic coelomycete		immersed, dimorphic	conidioma	Ceuthospora coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Celastrales/Celastraceae/Euonymus japonicus/	Euonymus japonicus	evergreen spindle, Japanese spindle		fallen	twig				(8-3)	immersed, dimorphic conidioma of Ceuthospora coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on fallen twig

Author & Year	Title	Source
Braun, U., 1995	Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol 1	Phytopathogenic Hyphomycetes, 1, 333pp, IHW-Verlag
Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants	Collins Photoguide, 2nd edition edition, Collins
Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	Fungi of the South East England	383pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook	2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Grove, W.B., 1935	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia	Vol I, 488pp, Cambridge University Press
Ing, B., 1990	An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews	Mycologist Vol 4 (1) et seq.
Moore, W.C., 1959	British Parasitic Fungi	430pp, Cambridge University Press
Storey, M.W., 2015	Bioimages - the Virtual Field Guide	www.bioimages.org.uk

Euonymus japonicus (Evergreen Spindle, Japanese Spindle) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Euonymus
(spindles)

EU-DICOTS
(dicotyledonous flowering plants)

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Broadleaved shrubs
(broadleaved shrubs)

Broadleaved trees and shrubs
(broadleaved trees and shrubs)

Trees and shrubs
(trees and shrubs, including conifers)

Trees, shrubs, woody and climbing plants
(trees, shrubs, subshrubs and climbers, including conifers)

Xylophytes
(broadleaved trees, shrubs and woody climbers)

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Species	Euonymus japonicus (Evergreen Spindle, Japanese Spindle)
Genus	Euonymus (spindles)
Family	CELASTRACEAE (spindles)
Order	CELASTRALES (spindles and grass of Parnassus)
Subclass	EU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
Class	MAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
Phylum	TRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
Kingdom	PLANTAE (plants)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

NBN

NBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Euonymus japonicus (Evergreen Spindle, Japanese Spindle)

Euonymus japonicus (Evergreen Spindle, Japanese Spindle) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Trees and shrubs
(trees and shrubs, including conifers)

Trees, shrubs, woody and climbing plants
(trees, shrubs, subshrubs and climbers, including conifers)

Xylophytes
(broadleaved trees, shrubs and woody climbers)

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Euonymus japonicus (Evergreen Spindle, Japanese Spindle):

MAGNOLIOPSIDA
(flowering plants)

TRACHEOPHYTA
(vascular plants)

PLANTAE
(plants)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Broadleaved trees and shrubs
(broadleaved trees and shrubs)

Trees and shrubs
(trees and shrubs, including conifers)

Trees, shrubs, woody and climbing plants
(trees, shrubs, subshrubs and climbers, including conifers)

Xylophytes
(broadleaved trees, shrubs and woody climbers)

Creative Commons License

This website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International Licence.

Unless otherwise expressly stated, all original material on the BioInfo website by Malcolm Storey is licensed under the above Creative Commons Licence.

BioInfo - Wildlife Information (UK)