Euphorbia paralias L.
(Sea Spurge)

Interactions where Euphorbia paralias is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part Summary Taxon Vernacular Classification References Darwin Classification of Active Taxon Active Taxon Active Vernacular Active Taxon Uncertain Active State Active Part Active Stage Relationship Relationship Uncertain Relationship Geography Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon Passive Taxon Passive Vernacular Passive Taxon Uncertain Passive State Passive Part Passive Stage Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon Indoors etc Season Summary
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by epiphyllous colony of sporangium UK/Ireland Peronospora euphorbiae a downy mildew Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae Fungal Records Database of Britain and Ireland, Cooper, J. & Kirk, P.M.
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Peronospora euphorbiae, Hall, G., 1994
 /Chromista/Oomycota/Peronosporea/Peronosporales/Peronosporaceae/Peronospora euphorbiae/Peronospora euphorbiaea downy mildewepiphyllouscolonysporangium Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malpighiales/Euphorbiaceae/Euphorbia paralias/Euphorbia paraliassea spurgeliveleaf epiphyllous colony of sporangium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by mostly hypophyllous uredium Melampsora euphorbiae Spurge Rust Pucciniales: Melampsoraceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Melampsoraceae/Melampsora euphorbiae/Melampsora euphorbiaespurge rustmostly hypophyllousuredium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malpighiales/Euphorbiaceae/Euphorbia paralias/Euphorbia paraliassea spurgeliveleaf mostly hypophyllous uredium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by amphigenous telium Melampsora euphorbiae Spurge Rust Pucciniales: Melampsoraceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Melampsoraceae/Melampsora euphorbiae/Melampsora euphorbiaespurge rustamphigenoustelium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malpighiales/Euphorbiaceae/Euphorbia paralias/Euphorbia paraliassea spurgeliveleaf amphigenous telium parasitises live leaf
shoot (pale yellow) pale yellow shoot may be infected and damaged by sporangium UK/Ireland Peronospora valesiaca a downy mildew Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
A Checklist of the Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) of the British Isles, Preece, T.F., 2002
 /Chromista/Oomycota/Peronosporea/Peronosporales/Peronosporaceae/Peronospora valesiaca/Peronospora valesiacaa downy mildewsporangium Foodplant / pathogenUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malpighiales/Euphorbiaceae/Euphorbia paralias/Euphorbia paraliassea spurgepale yellowshoot sporangium infects and damages pale yellow shoot
stem (dead) dead stem is decayed by immersed pseudothecium Mycosphaerella euphorbiae an ascomycete Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Mycosphaerella euphorbiae/Mycosphaerella euphorbiaean ascomyceteimmersedpseudothecium Foodplant / saprobe /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malpighiales/Euphorbiaceae/Euphorbia paralias/Euphorbia paraliassea spurgedeadstem (5)immersed pseudothecium is saprobic on dead stem
stem (dead) dead stem is decayed by subepidermal, gregarious pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Phomopsis euphorbiae a coelomycete Diaporthales: Diaporthaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Diaporthales/Diaporthaceae/Phomopsis euphorbiae/Phomopsis euphorbiaea coelomycetesubepidermal, gregariouspycnidiumPhomopsis coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / saprobeUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malpighiales/Euphorbiaceae/Euphorbia paralias/Euphorbia paraliassea spurgedeadstem (4-6)subepidermal, gregarious pycnidium of Phomopsis coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead stem
stem (live) live stem is parasitised by telium Melampsora euphorbiae Spurge Rust Pucciniales: Melampsoraceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Melampsoraceae/Melampsora euphorbiae/Melampsora euphorbiaespurge rusttelium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Malpighiales/Euphorbiaceae/Euphorbia paralias/Euphorbia paraliassea spurgelivestem telium parasitises live stem

Author & YearTitleSource
Cooper, J. & Kirk, P.M.Fungal Records Database of Britain and Irelandwww.fieldmycology.net/GBCHKLST/gbchklst.asp
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Grove, W.B., 1935British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidiaVol I, 488pp, Cambridge University Press
Hall, G., 1994Peronospora euphorbiaeI.M.I. Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria CMI Descriptions of Pathenogenic Fungi and Bacteria Sheet 1194.
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Preece, T.F., 2002A Checklist of the Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) of the British Isles33pp, British Mycological Society

Euphorbia paralias (Sea Spurge) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Taxonomic hierarchy:
SpeciesEuphorbia paralias (Sea Spurge)
GenusEuphorbia (spurges)
FamilyEUPHORBIACEAE (spurges)
OrderMALPIGHIALES (poplars, willows, St John’s worts, spurges and violets)
SubclassEU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
ClassMAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
PhylumTRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
KingdomPLANTAE (plants)
DomainEukaryota (eukaryotes)
LifeBIOTA (living things)
NBNNBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Euphorbia paralias (Sea Spurge)

Euphorbia paralias (Sea Spurge) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Euphorbia paralias (Sea Spurge):

BioImagesBioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 7 images of Euphorbia paralias (Sea Spurge)
Creative Commons License
This website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International Licence.

Unless otherwise expressly stated, all original material on the BioInfo website by Malcolm Storey is licensed under the above Creative Commons Licence.

BioInfo - Wildlife Information (UK)