Polygonia c-album (Linnaeus, 1758)
(Comma)

Interactions where Polygonia c-album is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part Summary Taxon Vernacular Classification References Darwin Classification of Active Taxon Active Taxon Active Vernacular Active Taxon Uncertain Active State Active Part Active Stage Relationship Relationship Uncertain Relationship Geography Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon Passive Taxon Passive Vernacular Passive Taxon Uncertain Passive State Passive Part Passive Stage Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon Indoors etc Season Summary
larva is endoparasitoid host of larva Compsilura concinnata a parasitoid fly Diptera: Tachinidae Tachinid Flies (Diptera: Tachinidae), Belshaw, R., 1993
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tachinidae/Compsilura concinnata/Compsilura concinnataa parasitoid flylarva Animal / parasitoid / endoparasitoid /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Lepidoptera/Nymphalidae/Polygonia c-album/Polygonia c-albumcommalarva larva is endoparasitoid of larva
larva is endoparasitoid host of larva Gonia picea a parasitoid fly Diptera: Tachinidae Tachinid Flies (Diptera: Tachinidae), Belshaw, R., 1993
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tachinidae/Gonia picea/Gonia piceaa parasitoid flylarva Animal / parasitoid / endoparasitoid /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Lepidoptera/Nymphalidae/Polygonia c-album/Polygonia c-albumcommalarva larva is endoparasitoid of larva
larva is endoparasitoid host of larva Nemorilla floralis a parasitoid fly Diptera: Tachinidae Tachinid Flies (Diptera: Tachinidae), Belshaw, R., 1993
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tachinidae/Nemorilla floralis/Nemorilla floralisa parasitoid flylarva Animal / parasitoid / endoparasitoid /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Lepidoptera/Nymphalidae/Polygonia c-album/Polygonia c-albumcommalarva larva is endoparasitoid of larva

Author & YearTitleSource
Belshaw, R., 1993Tachinid Flies (Diptera: Tachinidae)Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects, Vol 10, Part 4a(i), 169pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London

Polygonia c-album (Comma) may be included in 'feeds on' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Polygonia c-album (Comma) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Taxonomic hierarchy:
SpeciesPolygonia c-album (Comma)
TribeNymphalini (nymphalid butterflies)
SubfamilyNYMPHALINAE (nymphalid butterflies)
FamilyNYMPHALIDAE (brown, fritillary and vanessid butterflies)
SuperfamilyPAPILIONOIDEA (butterflies)
SuborderGLOSSATA (a suborder of moths)
OrderLEPIDOPTERA (butterflies and moths)
Division Endopterygota (bees, beetles, flies, moths and other insects with wings developing internally)
InfraclassNeoptera (bees, beetles, flies, grasshoppers, moths and other advanced insects)
SubclassPTERYGOTA (bees, beetles, dragonflies, flies, grasshoppers, moths and other winged insects)
ClassINSECTA (true insects)
SubphylumHEXAPODA (insects and other 6-legged organisms)
PhylumARTHROPODA (arthropods)
SuperphylumECDYSOZOA (skin shedders)
CladeBilateria (bilaterally symmetrical animals)
SubkingdomEUMETAZOA (metazoans)
KingdomANIMALIA (animals)
DomainEukaryota (eukaryotes)
LifeBIOTA (living things)
NBNNBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Polygonia c-album (Comma)

Identification Works

Handling & MagnificationAuthorYearTitleSource
Sterry, P. 2002 Comma Vol 13, No. 4 Page: 280

Polygonia c-album (Comma) may also be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Polygonia c-album (Comma):

BioImagesBioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 21 images of Polygonia c-album (Comma)
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