Trifolium (clovers)

Interactions where Trifolium is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part	Summary	Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Stage	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Season	Summary
	is associate of adult	Bruchidius varius	a seed beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Bruchidius varius/	Bruchidius varius	a seed beetle			adult	Plant / associate	Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers						(late 7-early 10, late 4)5-6)	adult is associated with
	is foodplant of larva	Sitona ambiguus	a weevil	Coleoptera: Curculionidae	Broad-Nosed Weevils (Entiminae), Morris, M.G., 1997	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Sitona ambiguus/	Sitona ambiguus	a weevil			larva	Foodplant / feeds on	Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers							larva feeds on
	is foodplant of larva	Sitona humeralis	a weevil	Coleoptera: Curculionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992 Broad-Nosed Weevils (Entiminae), Morris, M.G., 1997	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Sitona humeralis/	Sitona humeralis	a weevil			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers							larva feeds on
	is foodplant of larva	Sitona lineellus	a weevil	Coleoptera: Curculionidae	Broad-Nosed Weevils (Entiminae), Morris, M.G., 1997	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Sitona lineellus/	Sitona lineellus	a weevil			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers							larva feeds on
	is foodplant of larva	Sitona macularius	a weevil	Coleoptera: Curculionidae	Broad-Nosed Weevils (Entiminae), Morris, M.G., 1997	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Sitona macularius/	Sitona macularius	a weevil			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers							larva feeds on
	is foodplant of larva	Sitona obsoletus	a weevil	Coleoptera: Curculionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992 Broad-Nosed Weevils (Entiminae), Morris, M.G., 1997	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Sitona obsoletus/	Sitona obsoletus	a weevil			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers							larva feeds on
	is foodplant of larva	Sitona puncticollis	a weevil	Coleoptera: Curculionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992 Broad-Nosed Weevils (Entiminae), Morris, M.G., 1997	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Sitona puncticollis/	Sitona puncticollis	a weevil			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers							larva feeds on
	is foodplant of larva	Sitona sulcifrons	a clover weevil	Coleoptera: Curculionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992 Broad-Nosed Weevils (Entiminae), Morris, M.G., 1997	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Sitona sulcifrons/	Sitona sulcifrons	a clover weevil			larva	Foodplant / feeds on	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers					Major		larva feeds on
	is foodplant of larva	Tychius lineatulus	a weevil	Coleoptera: Curculionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Tychius lineatulus/	Tychius lineatulus	a weevil			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers							larva feeds on
	is foodplant of larva	Tychius picirostris	a weevil	Coleoptera: Curculionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Tychius picirostris/	Tychius picirostris	a weevil			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers							larva feeds on
	is foodplant of larva	Tychius pusillus	a weevil	Coleoptera: Curculionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Tychius pusillus/	Tychius pusillus	a weevil			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers							larva feeds on
	is foodplant of larva	Tychius stephensi	a weevil	Coleoptera: Curculionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Tychius stephensi/	Tychius stephensi	a weevil			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers							larva feeds on
	is foodplant of larva	Tychius tibialis	a weevil	Coleoptera: Curculionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Tychius tibialis/	Tychius tibialis	a weevil			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers							larva feeds on
	is foodplant of larva	Apion difforme	a seed weevil	Coleoptera: Apionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992 Orthocerous Weevils, Morris, M.G., 1990	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Apionidae/Apion difforme/	Apion difforme	a seed weevil			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers	?						larva feeds on
	is foodplant of larva	Apion fulvipes	White Clover Seed Weevil	Coleoptera: Apionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Apionidae/Apion fulvipes/	Apion fulvipes	white clover seed weevil			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers							larva feeds on
	is foodplant of larva	Melanapion minimum	Sallow Guest Weevil	Coleoptera: Apionidae	Orthocerous Weevils, Morris, M.G., 1990	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Apionidae/Melanapion minimum/	Melanapion minimum	sallow guest weevil			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers	?						larva feeds on
	is foodplant of larva	Protapion apricans	Clover Seed Weevil	Coleoptera: Apionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Apionidae/Protapion apricans/	Protapion apricans	clover seed weevil			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers							larva feeds on
	is foodplant of larva	Protapion laevicolle	a seed weevil	Coleoptera: Apionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Apionidae/Protapion laevicolle/	Protapion laevicolle	a seed weevil			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers							larva feeds on
	is foodplant of larva	Protapion schoenherri	a seed weevil	Coleoptera: Apionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992 Orthocerous Weevils, Morris, M.G., 1990	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Apionidae/Protapion schoenherri/	Protapion schoenherri	a seed weevil			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers	?						larva feeds on
	is foodplant of larva	Protapion trifolii	Clover Seed Weevil	Coleoptera: Apionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Apionidae/Protapion trifolii/	Protapion trifolii	clover seed weevil			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers							larva feeds on
	is foodplant of larva	Protapion varipes	a seed weevil	Coleoptera: Apionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Apionidae/Protapion varipes/	Protapion varipes	a seed weevil			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers							larva feeds on
	is associate of adult	Conostethus roseus	a plantbug or grassbug	Hemiptera: Miridae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Miridae/Conostethus roseus/	Conostethus roseus	a plantbug or grassbug			adult	Plant / associate		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers						(late 5-early 7)	adult is associated with
	is foodplant of pycnidium of Phoma coelomycetous anamorph	Phoma pinodella	a coelomycete	Pleosporales: Didymellaceae	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Didymellaceae/Phoma pinodella/	Phoma pinodella	a coelomycete		pycnidium	Phoma coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / feeds on	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers							pycnidium of Phoma coelomycetous anamorph feeds on
(live)	live may have	Acyrthosiphon pisum	Pea Aphid	Hemiptera: Aphididae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Aphididae/Acyrthosiphon (Acyrthosiphon) pisum/	Acyrthosiphon (Acyrthosiphon) pisum	pea aphid				Plant / resting place / on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers		live				(winter)	may be found on live
(live)	live plant may be infected and damaged by buried sclerotium	Sclerotinia trifoliorum	a discomycete	Helotiales: Sclerotiniaceae	Sclerotinia trifoliorum, Williams, M.A.J. & Spooner, B.M., 1991	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Sclerotiniaceae/Sclerotinia trifoliorum/	Sclerotinia trifoliorum	a discomycete	buried		sclerotium	Foodplant / pathogen		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers		live		plant			buried sclerotium infects and damages live plant
bud (terminal or lateral)	bud (terminal or lateral) is galled by larva	Tychius polylineatus	a weevil	Coleoptera: Curculionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992 Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls, Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Tychius polylineatus/	Tychius polylineatus	a weevil			larva	Foodplant / gall		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers			bud (terminal or lateral)				larva causes gall of bud (terminal or lateral)
calyx	calyx is galled by larva	Dasineura leguminicola	a gall midge	Diptera: Cecidomyiidae	Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls, Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Cecidomyiidae/Dasineura leguminicola/	Dasineura leguminicola	a gall midge			larva	Foodplant / gall		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers			calyx				larva causes gall of calyx
flower	flower is galled by	Aceria plicator	a mite	Trombidiformes: Eriophyidae	Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls, Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Arachnida/Trombidiformes/Eriophyidae/Aceria plicator/	Aceria plicator	a mite				Foodplant / gall		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers			flower				causes gall of flower
flower (proliferating, leaf-like)	proliferating, leaf-like flower may be infected and damaged by	Strawberry Green Petal phytoplasma	a phytopathogenic phytoplasma	Acholeplasmatales: Acholeplasmataceae	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998	/Firmicutes/Mollicutes/Acholeplasmatales/Acholeplasmataceae/Strawberry Green Petal phytoplasma/	Strawberry Green Petal phytoplasma	a phytopathogenic phytoplasma				Foodplant / pathogen		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers		proliferating, leaf-like	flower				infects and damages proliferating, leaf-like flower
inflorescence	inflorescence may contain larva	Protapion assimile	Clover Seed Weevil	Coleoptera: Apionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992 Orthocerous Weevils, Morris, M.G., 1990	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Apionidae/Protapion assimile/	Protapion assimile	clover seed weevil			larva	Foodplant / internal feeder		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers			inflorescence				larva feeds within inflorescence
inflorescence	inflorescence may contain larva	Protapion nigritarse	a seed weevil	Coleoptera: Apionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992 Orthocerous Weevils, Morris, M.G., 1990	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Apionidae/Protapion nigritarse/	Protapion nigritarse	a seed weevil			larva	Foodplant / internal feeder		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers			inflorescence				larva feeds within inflorescence
leaf	leaf is grazed by larva	Longitarsus atricillus	a flea beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992 The British Species of the genus Longitarsus (Col., Chrysomelidae), Kevan D.K., 1967	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Longitarsus atricillus/	Longitarsus atricillus	a flea beetle			larva	Foodplant / open feeder	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers			leaf		Major		larva grazes on leaf
leaf	leaf is grazed by adult	Longitarsus atricillus	a flea beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992 The British Species of the genus Longitarsus (Col., Chrysomelidae), Kevan D.K., 1967	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Longitarsus atricillus/	Longitarsus atricillus	a flea beetle			adult	Foodplant / open feeder	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers			leaf		Major		adult grazes on leaf
leaf	leaf is grazed by adult	Subcoccinella vigintiquattuorpunctata	Twenty-four-spot Ladybird, 24-spot Ladybird, Hairy Ladybird	Coleoptera: Coccinellidae	Ladybirds, Majerus, M. & Kearns, P., 1989	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Coccinellidae/Subcoccinella vigintiquattuorpunctata/	Subcoccinella vigintiquattuorpunctata	twenty-four-spot Ladybird, 24-spot ladybird, hairy ladybird			adult	Foodplant / open feeder	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers			leaf		Major		adult grazes on leaf
leaf	leaf is grazed by larva	Subcoccinella vigintiquattuorpunctata	Twenty-four-spot Ladybird, 24-spot Ladybird, Hairy Ladybird	Coleoptera: Coccinellidae	Ladybirds, Majerus, M. & Kearns, P., 1989	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Coccinellidae/Subcoccinella vigintiquattuorpunctata/	Subcoccinella vigintiquattuorpunctata	twenty-four-spot Ladybird, 24-spot ladybird, hairy ladybird			larva	Foodplant / open feeder	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers			leaf		Major		larva grazes on leaf
leaf	leaf is grazed by larva	Brachypera zoilus	a weevil	Coleoptera: Curculionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992 True Weevils (Part I): Family Curculionidae, subfamilies Raymondionyminae to Smicronychinae, Morris, M.G., 2002	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Brachypera zoilus/	Brachypera zoilus	a weevil			larva	Foodplant / open feeder	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers			leaf				larva grazes on leaf
leaf	leaf is grazed by	Hypera melancholica	a weevil	Coleoptera: Curculionidae	True Weevils (Part I): Family Curculionidae, subfamilies Raymondionyminae to Smicronychinae, Morris, M.G., 2002	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Hypera melancholica/	Hypera melancholica	a weevil				Foodplant / open feeder	Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers			leaf				grazes on leaf
leaf	leaf is grazed by larva	Hypera meles	a weevil	Coleoptera: Curculionidae	True Weevils (Part I): Family Curculionidae, subfamilies Raymondionyminae to Smicronychinae, Morris, M.G., 2002	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Hypera meles/	Hypera meles	a weevil			larva	Foodplant / open feeder	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers			leaf				larva grazes on leaf
leaf	leaf is grazed by	Hypera miles	a weevil	Coleoptera: Curculionidae	True Weevils (Part I): Family Curculionidae, subfamilies Raymondionyminae to Smicronychinae, Morris, M.G., 2002	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Hypera miles/	Hypera miles	a weevil				Foodplant / open feeder	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers	?		leaf				grazes on leaf
leaf	leaf is grazed by	Hypera nigrirostris	a weevil	Coleoptera: Curculionidae	True Weevils (Part I): Family Curculionidae, subfamilies Raymondionyminae to Smicronychinae, Morris, M.G., 2002	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Hypera nigrirostris/	Hypera nigrirostris	a weevil				Foodplant / open feeder	Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers			leaf				grazes on leaf
leaf	leaf is grazed by larva	Hypera postica	Clover Leaf Weevil	Coleoptera: Curculionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992 True Weevils (Part I): Family Curculionidae, subfamilies Raymondionyminae to Smicronychinae, Morris, M.G., 2002	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Hypera postica/	Hypera postica	clover leaf weevil			larva	Foodplant / open feeder	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers			leaf				larva grazes on leaf
leaf	leaf is grazed by	Hypera venusta	a weevil	Coleoptera: Curculionidae	True Weevils (Part I): Family Curculionidae, subfamilies Raymondionyminae to Smicronychinae, Morris, M.G., 2002	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Hypera venusta/	Hypera venusta	a weevil				Foodplant / open feeder		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers			leaf		Minor		grazes on leaf
leaf	leaf is mined by larva	Agromyza nana	a leaf-mining fly	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Agromyza nana/	Agromyza nana	a leaf-mining fly			larva	Foodplant / miner		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers			leaf		Major		larva mines leaf
leaf	leaf is grazed by larva	Euura myosotidis	a sawfly	Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae	Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c), Benson, R.B., 1958	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hymenoptera/Tenthredinidae/Euura myosotidis/	Euura myosotidis	a sawfly			larva	Foodplant / open feeder		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers			leaf				larva grazes on leaf
leaf	leaf is spotted by mostly hypophyllous colony of Ramularia anamorph	Ramularia sphaeroidea	an anamorphic fungus	Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae	Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol II, Braun, U., 1998	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Ramularia sphaeroidea/	Ramularia sphaeroidea	an anamorphic fungus	mostly hypophyllous	colony	Ramularia anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers			leaf				mostly hypophyllous colony of Ramularia anamorph causes spots on leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is spotted by amphigenous, immersed, roundish, bright blackish-brown pycnidium of Stagonospora coelomycetous anamorph	Leptosphaeria pratensis	an ascomycete	Pleosporales: Leptosphaeriaceae	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Leptosphaeriaceae/Leptosphaeria pratensis/	Leptosphaeria pratensis	an ascomycete	amphigenous, immersed, roundish, bright blackish-brown	pycnidium	Stagonospora coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer	Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers		live	leaf			(6-9)	amphigenous, immersed, roundish, bright blackish-brown pycnidium of Stagonospora coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaflet	leaflet is galled by larva	Dasineura trifolii	a gall midge	Diptera: Cecidomyiidae	Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls, Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Cecidomyiidae/Dasineura trifolii/	Dasineura trifolii	a gall midge			larva	Foodplant / gall		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers			leaflet				larva causes gall of leaflet
pod (unripe)	unripe pod has sap sucked by nymph	Piezodorus lituratus	Gorse Shieldbug	Hemiptera: Pentatomidae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Pentatomidae/Piezodorus lituratus/	Piezodorus lituratus	gorse shieldbug			nymph	Foodplant / sap sucker		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers		unripe	pod				nymph sucks sap of unripe pod
pod (unripe)	unripe pod has sap sucked by adult	Piezodorus lituratus	Gorse Shieldbug	Hemiptera: Pentatomidae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Pentatomidae/Piezodorus lituratus/	Piezodorus lituratus	gorse shieldbug			adult	Foodplant / sap sucker		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers		unripe	pod				adult sucks sap of unripe pod
root nodule (live)	live root nodule is foodplant of subterranean larva	Sitona lineatus	Pea and Bean Weevil, Pea-leaf Weevil	Coleoptera: Curculionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Sitona lineatus/	Sitona lineatus	pea and bean weevil, pea-leaf weevil	subterranean		larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers		live	root nodule				subterranean larva feeds on live root nodule
root	root is foodplant of larva	Sitona hispidulus	Clover-root Weevil	Coleoptera: Curculionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992 Broad-Nosed Weevils (Entiminae), Morris, M.G., 1997	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Sitona hispidulus/	Sitona hispidulus	clover-root weevil			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers			root		Major		larva feeds on root
root	root is parasitised by underground tuber	Orobanche minor	Common Broomrape	Lamiales: Orobanchaceae	Flora of the British Isles, Clapham, A.R., Tutin, T.G. & Moore, D.M., 1985	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Lamiales/Orobanchaceae/Orobanche minor/	Orobanche minor	common broomrape	underground	tuber		Foodplant / parasite		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers			root		Major		underground tuber parasitises root
root (brown lesioned)	brown lesioned root may be infected and damaged by Fusarium anamorph	Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici	an anamorphic fungus (FORL)	Hypocreales: Nectriaceae	Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici Jarvis & Shoemaker, Brayford, D., 1996	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici/	Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici	an anamorphic fungus (FORL)			Fusarium anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers		brown lesioned	root				Fusarium anamorph infects and damages brown lesioned root
rootstock	rootstock is galled by larva	Catapion curtisii	a seed weevil	Coleoptera: Apionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992 Orthocerous Weevils, Morris, M.G., 1990	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Apionidae/Catapion curtisii/	Catapion curtisii	a seed weevil			larva	Foodplant / gall	Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers			rootstock				larva causes gall of rootstock
stem (lower) (brown lesioned)	brown lesioned stem (lower) may be infected and damaged by Fusarium anamorph	Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici	an anamorphic fungus (FORL)	Hypocreales: Nectriaceae	Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici Jarvis & Shoemaker, Brayford, D., 1996	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici/	Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici	an anamorphic fungus (FORL)			Fusarium anamorph	Foodplant / pathogen		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers		brown lesioned	stem (lower)				Fusarium anamorph infects and damages brown lesioned stem (lower)
stem	stem is galled by larva	Catapion pubescens	a seed weevil	Coleoptera: Apionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992 Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls, Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Apionidae/Catapion pubescens/	Catapion pubescens	a seed weevil			larva	Foodplant / gall	Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers			stem				larva causes gall of stem
stem	stem may contain larva	Catapion seniculus	a seed weevil	Coleoptera: Apionidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992 Orthocerous Weevils, Morris, M.G., 1990	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Apionidae/Catapion seniculus/	Catapion seniculus	a seed weevil			larva	Foodplant / internal feeder	Foreign	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers			stem				larva feeds within stem
stem	stem may contain larva	Ischnopterapion virens	a seed weevil	Coleoptera: Apionidae	Orthocerous Weevils, Morris, M.G., 1990	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Apionidae/Ischnopterapion virens/	Ischnopterapion virens	a seed weevil			larva	Foodplant / internal feeder		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium/	Trifolium	clovers			stem				larva feeds within stem

Subtaxon	Rank	Featured subtaxa	No of interactions	No of references
Trifolium arvense Hare’s-foot, Hare’s-foot Clover	Species		6 trophisms
Trifolium aureum Large Trefoil	Species		4 trophisms
Trifolium campestre Hop Trefoil	Species		11 trophisms
Trifolium dubium Lesser Trefoil	Species		12 trophisms	1 references
Trifolium fragiferum Strawberry Clover	Species		9 trophisms
Trifolium hybridum Alsike Clover	Species		14 trophisms
Trifolium incarnatum Crimson Clover	Species	2 subtaxa	12 trophisms	1 references
Trifolium medium Zigzag Clover	Species		16 trophisms	1 references
Trifolium micranthum Slender Trefoil	Species		2 trophisms
Trifolium occidentale Western Clover	Species		1 trophisms	1 references
Trifolium ochroleucon Sulphur Clover	Species		3 trophisms
Trifolium ornithopodioides Bird’s-foot Clover	Species		1 trophisms
Trifolium pratense Red Clover	Species		41 trophisms	1 references
Trifolium repens White Clover, Dutch Clover	Species		46 trophisms	2 references
Trifolium stellatum Starry Clover	Species		1 trophisms
Trifolium striatum Knotted Clover	Species		2 trophisms
Trifolium subterraneum Subterranean Clover	Species		4 trophisms
[Trifolium sp. cult.] cultivated clovers	Informal	3 subtaxa	77 trophisms	3 references

Genus	Trifolium (clovers)
Subfamily	FABOIDEAE (vetches, peas and beans)
Family	FABACEAE (vetches, peas, beans, accacias, wattles and sennas)
Order	FABALES (vetches, peas, beans and milkworts)
Subclass	EU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
Class	MAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
Phylum	TRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
Kingdom	PLANTAE (plants)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

Handling & Magnification	Author	Year	Title	Source
Vegetative
	Anon.		Trifolium	Yeo, P.F. Acaena, taxa with spherical heads, Plant Crib 2012

Trifolium L.
(clovers)

Interactions where Trifolium is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Trifolium is also a member of:

Identification Works

Vegetative

BioInfo - Wildlife Information (UK)

Author & Year	Title	Source
Benson, R.B., 1958	Hymenoptera: 2. Symphyta. Section (c)	Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol VI, Part 2(c), 252pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Braun, U., 1998	Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol II	Phytopathogenic Hyphomycetes, 2, 493pp, IHW-Verlag
Brayford, D., 1996	Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici Jarvis & Shoemaker	I.M.I. Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria CMI Descriptions of Pathenogenic Fungi and Bacteria Sheet 1270.
Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998	Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants	Collins Photoguide, 2nd edition edition, Collins
Bullock, J.A., 1992	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations	11a, 24pp, Amateur Entomologists’ Society
Clapham, A.R., Tutin, T.G. & Moore, D.M., 1985	Flora of the British Isles	3 edition, 688pp, Cambridge University Press
Cox, M.L., 2007	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland	336pp, Pisces Publications
Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	Fungi of the South East England	383pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Grove, W.B., 1935	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia	Vol I, 488pp, Cambridge University Press
Kevan D.K., 1967	The British Species of the genus Longitarsus (Col., Chrysomelidae)	Ent. Mon. Mag. Vol 103: 83-110.
Majerus, M. & Kearns, P., 1989	Ladybirds	Naturalists’ Handbooks, 10, 103pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Morris, M.G., 1990	Orthocerous Weevils	Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects, Vol 5 Part 16, 108pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Morris, M.G., 1997	Broad-Nosed Weevils (Entiminae)	Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects, Vol 5, Part 17a, 106pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Morris, M.G., 2002	True Weevils (Part I): Family Curculionidae, subfamilies Raymondionyminae to Smicronychinae	Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects, Vol 5, Part 17b, 149pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles	Wayside & Woodland Series, 1959 edition, 436pp, Frederick Warne & Co. Ltd.
Spencer, K.A., 1972	Diptera: Agromyzidae	Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol X. Part 5(g), 136pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Stubbs, F.B. (Editor), 1986	Provisional Keys to British Plant Galls	95pp, British Plant Gall Society (BPGS)
Williams, M.A.J. & Spooner, B.M., 1991	Sclerotinia trifoliorum	I.M.I. Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria CMI Descriptions of Pathenogenic Fungi and Bacteria Sheet 1084.