Cymadothea trifolii (Pers.) F.A. Wolf
(Black Blotch or Sooty Blotch Disease Of Clovers - causative organism)

Interactions where Cymadothea trifolii is the dominant partner and gains from the process

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Stage		Summary			Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active Taxon Uncertain	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Uncertain	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Stage	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Indoors etc	Season
Polythrinium dematiaceous anamorph (stromatic)		stromatic Polythrinium dematiaceous anamorph parasitises live leaf			Trifolium fragiferum	Strawberry Clover	Fabales: Fabaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Cymadothea trifolii/	Cymadothea trifolii	black blotch or sooty blotch disease of clovers - causative organism		stromatic		Polythrinium dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / parasite			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium fragiferum/	Trifolium fragiferum	strawberry clover		live	leaf				(6-10)
pseudothecium (stromatic)		stromatic pseudothecium may be found on overwintered leaf			Trifolium fragiferum	Strawberry Clover	Fabales: Fabaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Cymadothea trifolii/	Cymadothea trifolii	black blotch or sooty blotch disease of clovers - causative organism		stromatic		pseudothecium	Plant / resting place / on			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium fragiferum/	Trifolium fragiferum	strawberry clover		overwintered	leaf				(spring)
Polythrinium dematiaceous anamorph (stromatic)		stromatic Polythrinium dematiaceous anamorph parasitises live leaf			Trifolium incarnatum ssp molinerii	Long-headed Clover	Fabales: Fabaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 New hosts of black blotch of clover in Britain, Frost, L.C., 1967	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Cymadothea trifolii/	Cymadothea trifolii	black blotch or sooty blotch disease of clovers - causative organism		stromatic		Polythrinium dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / parasite		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium incarnatum subsp. molinerii/	Trifolium incarnatum subsp. molinerii	long-headed clover		live	leaf				(6-10)
pseudothecium (stromatic)		stromatic pseudothecium may be found on overwintered leaf			Trifolium incarnatum ssp molinerii	Long-headed Clover	Fabales: Fabaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Cymadothea trifolii/	Cymadothea trifolii	black blotch or sooty blotch disease of clovers - causative organism		stromatic		pseudothecium	Plant / resting place / on			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium incarnatum subsp. molinerii/	Trifolium incarnatum subsp. molinerii	long-headed clover		overwintered	leaf				(spring)
Polythrinium dematiaceous anamorph (stromatic)		stromatic Polythrinium dematiaceous anamorph parasitises live leaf			Trifolium occidentale	Western Clover	Fabales: Fabaceae	New hosts of black blotch of clover in Britain, Frost, L.C., 1967	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Cymadothea trifolii/	Cymadothea trifolii	black blotch or sooty blotch disease of clovers - causative organism		stromatic		Polythrinium dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / parasite		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium occidentale/	Trifolium occidentale	western clover		live	leaf				(6-10)
Polythrinium dematiaceous anamorph (stromatic)		stromatic Polythrinium dematiaceous anamorph parasitises live leaf			Trifolium ornithopodioides	Bird’s-foot Clover	Fabales: Fabaceae	New hosts of black blotch of clover in Britain, Frost, L.C., 1967	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Cymadothea trifolii/	Cymadothea trifolii	black blotch or sooty blotch disease of clovers - causative organism		stromatic		Polythrinium dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / parasite		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium ornithopodioides/	Trifolium ornithopodioides	bird's-foot clover		live	leaf				(6-10)
Polythrinium dematiaceous anamorph (stromatic)		stromatic Polythrinium dematiaceous anamorph parasitises live leaf			Trifolium repens	White Clover, Dutch Clover	Fabales: Fabaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Cymadothea trifolii/	Cymadothea trifolii	black blotch or sooty blotch disease of clovers - causative organism		stromatic		Polythrinium dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / parasite			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium repens/	Trifolium repens	white clover, dutch clover		live	leaf				(6-10)
pseudothecium (stromatic)		stromatic pseudothecium may be found on overwintered leaf			Trifolium repens	White Clover, Dutch Clover	Fabales: Fabaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Cymadothea trifolii/	Cymadothea trifolii	black blotch or sooty blotch disease of clovers - causative organism		stromatic		pseudothecium	Plant / resting place / on			/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium repens/	Trifolium repens	white clover, dutch clover		overwintered	leaf				(spring)
Polythrinium dematiaceous anamorph (stromatic)		stromatic Polythrinium dematiaceous anamorph parasitises live leaf			Trifolium subterraneum	Subterranean Clover	Fabales: Fabaceae	Bioimages - the Virtual Field Guide, Storey, M.W., 2015	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Cymadothea trifolii/	Cymadothea trifolii	black blotch or sooty blotch disease of clovers - causative organism		stromatic		Polythrinium dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / parasite		UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Fabales/Fabaceae/Trifolium subterraneum/	Trifolium subterraneum	subterranean clover		live	leaf				(6-10)

Author & Year	Title	Source
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook	2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Frost, L.C., 1967	New hosts of black blotch of clover in Britain	TBMS Vol 50 (1): 155.
Storey, M.W., 2015	Bioimages - the Virtual Field Guide	www.bioimages.org.uk

Cymadothea trifolii (Black Blotch or Sooty Blotch Disease Of Clovers - causative organism) may also be included in 'feeds on' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Cymadothea trifolii (Black Blotch or Sooty Blotch Disease Of Clovers - causative organism) may be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Species	Cymadothea trifolii (Black Blotch or Sooty Blotch Disease Of Clovers - causative organism)
Family	MYCOSPHAERELLACEAE (a family of ascomycetes and lichens)
Order	CAPNODIALES (sooty moulds)
Subclass	DOTHIDEOMYCETIDAE (a subclass of fungi)
Class	DOTHIDEOMYCETES (a class of ascomycetes)
Subphylum	PEZIZOMYCOTINA (a subphylum of ascomycetes)
Phylum	ASCOMYCOTA (spore shooters, ascomycete)
Kingdom	FUNGI (true fungi)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

Cymadothea trifolii is also a member of:
Micromycetes - microfungi (via Ascomycota)
Fungi s.l. - fungi (in the broad sense) (via Fungi)
Lower Plants - lower plants (via Fungi s.l.)

NBN

NBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Cymadothea trifolii (Black Blotch or Sooty Blotch Disease Of Clovers - causative organism)

Identification Works

Handling & Magnification	Author	Year	Title	Source
	Simon, U.K., Groenewald, J.Z. & Crous, P.W.	2009	Cymadothea trifolii, an obligate biotrophic leaf parasite of Trifolium, belongs to Mycosphaerellaceae as shown by nuclear ribosomal DNA analyses	Persoonia Vol 22: 49-55.

Cymadothea trifolii (Black Blotch or Sooty Blotch Disease Of Clovers - causative organism) may also be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

MYCOSPHAERELLACEAE
(a family of ascomycetes and lichens)

CAPNODIALES
(sooty moulds)

DOTHIDEOMYCETES
(a class of ascomycetes)

ASCOMYCOTA
(spore shooters, ascomycete)

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

General Works

Author	Year	Title	Source
Frost, L.C.	1967	New hosts of black blotch of clover in Britain	TBMS Vol 50 (1): 155.
Roderick, H.W.	1993	The infection of white clover (Trifolium repens) by conidia of Cymadothea trifolii	Mycol. Res. Vol 97 (02): 227-232.
Simon, U.K., Bauer, R., Rioux, D., Simard, M. & Oberwinkler, F.	2005	The vegetative life-cycle of the clover pathogen Cymadothea trifolii as revealed by transmission electron microscopy	Mycol. Res. Vol 109 (7): 764-778.

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may also be relevant to Cymadothea trifolii (Black Blotch or Sooty Blotch Disease Of Clovers - causative organism):

MYCOSPHAERELLACEAE
(a family of ascomycetes and lichens)

CAPNODIALES
(sooty moulds)

DOTHIDEOMYCETES
(a class of ascomycetes)

ASCOMYCOTA
(spore shooters, ascomycete)

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

BioImages

BioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 43 images of Cymadothea trifolii (Black Blotch or Sooty Blotch Disease Of Clovers - causative organism)

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