Abrothallus parmeliarum (Sommerf.) Arnold
(a lichenicolus ascomycete)

Interactions where Abrothallus parmeliarum is the dominant partner and gains from the process

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Stage		Summary			Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active Taxon Uncertain	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Uncertain	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Stage	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Indoors etc	Season
apothecium		apothecium parasitises thallus			Parmelia	a genus of leafy lichens	Lecanorales: Parmeliaceae	A Key to the Lichen-forming, Parasitic, Parasymbiotic and Saprophytic Fungi occurring on Lichens in the British Isles, Hawksworth, D.L., 1983	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Abrothallales/Abrothallaceae/Abrothallus parmeliarum/	Abrothallus parmeliarum	a lichenicolus ascomycete				apothecium	Lichen / parasite		UK and/or Eire	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Lecanoromycetes/Lecanorales/Parmeliaceae/Parmelia/	Parmelia	a genus of leafy lichens			thallus
apothecium		apothecium parasitises thallus			Parmelia omphalodes	a lichen	Lecanorales: Parmeliaceae	A Key to the Lichen-forming, Parasitic, Parasymbiotic and Saprophytic Fungi occurring on Lichens in the British Isles, Hawksworth, D.L., 1983	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Abrothallales/Abrothallaceae/Abrothallus parmeliarum/	Abrothallus parmeliarum	a lichenicolus ascomycete				apothecium	Lichen / parasite		UK and/or Eire	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Lecanoromycetes/Lecanorales/Parmeliaceae/Parmelia omphalodes/	Parmelia omphalodes	a lichen			thallus
apothecium		apothecium causes galls on galled thallus			Parmelia saxatilis s. lat.	a group of foliose lichens	Lecanorales: Parmeliaceae	A Key to the Lichen-forming, Parasitic, Parasymbiotic and Saprophytic Fungi occurring on Lichens in the British Isles, Hawksworth, D.L., 1983	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Abrothallales/Abrothallaceae/Abrothallus parmeliarum/	Abrothallus parmeliarum	a lichenicolus ascomycete				apothecium	Lichen / gall		UK and/or Eire	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Lecanoromycetes/Lecanorales/Parmeliaceae/Parmelia saxatilis s. lat./	Parmelia saxatilis s. lat.	a group of foliose lichens		galled	thallus		Major
apothecium		apothecium causes galls on convolutedly galled thallus			Platismatia glauca	a lichen	Lecanorales: Parmeliaceae	A Key to the Lichen-forming, Parasitic, Parasymbiotic and Saprophytic Fungi occurring on Lichens in the British Isles, Hawksworth, D.L., 1983	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Abrothallales/Abrothallaceae/Abrothallus parmeliarum/	Abrothallus parmeliarum	a lichenicolus ascomycete				apothecium	Lichen / gall		UK and/or Eire	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Lecanoromycetes/Lecanorales/Parmeliaceae/Platismatia glauca/	Platismatia glauca	a lichen		convolutedly galled	thallus
apothecium		apothecium parasitises thallus			Sticta limbata	a lichen	Peltigerales: Lobariaceae	A Key to the Lichen-forming, Parasitic, Parasymbiotic and Saprophytic Fungi occurring on Lichens in the British Isles, Hawksworth, D.L., 1983	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Abrothallales/Abrothallaceae/Abrothallus parmeliarum/	Abrothallus parmeliarum	a lichenicolus ascomycete				apothecium	Lichen / parasite		UK and/or Eire	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Lecanoromycetes/Peltigerales/Lobariaceae/Sticta limbata/	Sticta limbata	a lichen			thallus
apothecium		apothecium parasitises thallus			Sticta sylvatica	a lichen	Peltigerales: Lobariaceae	A Key to the Lichen-forming, Parasitic, Parasymbiotic and Saprophytic Fungi occurring on Lichens in the British Isles, Hawksworth, D.L., 1983	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Abrothallales/Abrothallaceae/Abrothallus parmeliarum/	Abrothallus parmeliarum	a lichenicolus ascomycete				apothecium	Lichen / parasite		UK and/or Eire	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Lecanoromycetes/Peltigerales/Lobariaceae/Sticta sylvatica/	Sticta sylvatica	a lichen			thallus
apothecium		apothecium parasitises thallus			[Lichenes]	lichens		A Key to the Lichen-forming, Parasitic, Parasymbiotic and Saprophytic Fungi occurring on Lichens in the British Isles, Hawksworth, D.L., 1983	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Abrothallales/Abrothallaceae/Abrothallus parmeliarum/	Abrothallus parmeliarum	a lichenicolus ascomycete				apothecium	Lichen / parasite		UK and/or Eire	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Lichenes/	Lichenes	lichens			thallus
ascoma		ascoma parasitises			Biatoropsis usnearum	a jelly fungus	Tremellales: Tremellaceae	Biatoropsis usnearum Rasanen, and other heterobasidiomycetes on Usnea, Diederich, P. & Christiansen, M.S., 1994	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Abrothallales/Abrothallaceae/Abrothallus parmeliarum/	Abrothallus parmeliarum	a lichenicolus ascomycete				ascoma	Fungus / parasite			/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Tremellomycetes/Tremellales/Tremellaceae/Biatoropsis usnearum/	Biatoropsis usnearum	a jelly fungus
conidioma		conidioma parasitises			Biatoropsis usnearum	a jelly fungus	Tremellales: Tremellaceae	Biatoropsis usnearum Rasanen, and other heterobasidiomycetes on Usnea, Diederich, P. & Christiansen, M.S., 1994	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Abrothallales/Abrothallaceae/Abrothallus parmeliarum/	Abrothallus parmeliarum	a lichenicolus ascomycete				conidioma	Fungus / parasite			/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Tremellomycetes/Tremellales/Tremellaceae/Biatoropsis usnearum/	Biatoropsis usnearum	a jelly fungus

Author & Year	Title	Source
Diederich, P. & Christiansen, M.S., 1994	Biatoropsis usnearum Rasanen, and other heterobasidiomycetes on Usnea	Lichenologist Vol 26 (1): 47-66.
Hawksworth, D.L., 1983	A Key to the Lichen-forming, Parasitic, Parasymbiotic and Saprophytic Fungi occurring on Lichens in the British Isles	44pp, The British Lichen Society

Abrothallus parmeliarum (a lichenicolus ascomycete) may also be included in 'feeds on' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Abrothallus parmeliarum (a lichenicolus ascomycete) may be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Lichenes
(lichens)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Species	Abrothallus parmeliarum (a lichenicolus ascomycete)
Genus	Abrothallus (a genus of lichens)
Family	ABROTHALLACEAE (a family of lichens)
Order	ABROTHALLALES (an order of lichens)
Subphylum	PEZIZOMYCOTINA (a subphylum of ascomycetes)
Phylum	ASCOMYCOTA (spore shooters, ascomycete)
Kingdom	FUNGI (true fungi)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

Abrothallus parmeliarum is also a member of:
Lichenes - lichens (via Abrothallus)
Micromycetes - microfungi (via Ascomycota)
Fungi s.l. - fungi (in the broad sense) (via Fungi)
Lower Plants - lower plants (via Fungi s.l.)

NBN

NBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Abrothallus parmeliarum (a lichenicolus ascomycete)

Abrothallus parmeliarum (a lichenicolus ascomycete) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

ASCOMYCOTA
(spore shooters, ascomycete)

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Lichenes
(lichens)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Abrothallus parmeliarum (a lichenicolus ascomycete):

ASCOMYCOTA
(spore shooters, ascomycete)

FUNGI
(true fungi)

Eukaryota
(eukaryotes)

BIOTA
(living things)

Lichenes
(lichens)

Fungi s.l.
(fungi (in the broad sense))

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