Spinacia oleracea L.
(Spinach)

Interactions where Spinacia oleracea is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part Summary Taxon Vernacular Classification References Darwin Classification of Active Taxon Active Taxon Active Vernacular Active Taxon Uncertain Active State Active Part Active Stage Relationship Relationship Uncertain Relationship Geography Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon Passive Taxon Passive Vernacular Passive Taxon Uncertain Passive State Passive Part Passive Stage Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon Indoors etc Season Summary
has sap sucked by nymph Minor Piesma maculatum a beet bug Hemiptera: Piesmatidae Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Piesmatidae/Piesma maculatum/Piesma maculatuma beet bugnymph Foodplant / sap sucker /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Amaranthaceae/Spinacia oleracea/Spinacia oleraceaspinachMinor nymph sucks sap of
has sap sucked by adult Minor Piesma maculatum a beet bug Hemiptera: Piesmatidae Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Piesmatidae/Piesma maculatum/Piesma maculatuma beet bugadult Foodplant / sap sucker /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Amaranthaceae/Spinacia oleracea/Spinacia oleraceaspinachMinor adult sucks sap of
seed is foodplant of acervulus of Colletotrichum coelomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Colletotrichum dematium f. spinaciae a form of fungi Glomerellaceae British Parasitic Fungi, Moore, W.C., 1959
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Glomerellaceae/Colletotrichum dematium f. spinaciae/Colletotrichum dematium f. spinaciaea form of fungiacervulusColletotrichum coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / feeds onUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Amaranthaceae/Spinacia oleracea/Spinacia oleraceaspinachseed acervulus of Colletotrichum coelomycetous anamorph feeds on seed
(wilted) wilted may be infected and damaged by UK/Ireland Pythium tracheiphilum a damping off fungus Peronosporales: Pythiaceae Pythium tracheiphilum, Hall, G., 1991
 /Chromista/Oomycota/Peronosporea/Peronosporales/Pythiaceae/Pythium tracheiphilum/Pythium tracheiphiluma damping off fungus Foodplant / pathogenUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Amaranthaceae/Spinacia oleracea/Spinacia oleraceaspinachwilted infects and damages wilted
leaf (esp. towards apex) (live) live leaf (esp. towards apex) is spotted by effuse colony of Cladosporium dematiaceous anamorph UK/IrelandRestricted Cladosporium variabile Spinach Leaf Spot - causative organism Capnodiales: Davidiellaceae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
Cladosporium variabile, David, J.C., 1995
Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Davidiellaceae/Cladosporium variabile/Cladosporium variabilespinach leaf spot (causative organism)effusecolonyCladosporium dematiaceous anamorph Foodplant / spot causerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Amaranthaceae/Spinacia oleracea/Spinacia oleraceaspinachliveleaf (esp. towards apex)Sole effuse colony of Cladosporium dematiaceous anamorph causes spots on live leaf (esp. towards apex)
leaf (mature) (yellowed, limp) yellowed, limp leaf (mature) may be infected and damaged by Cucumber Mosaic virus a phytopathogenic virus Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
 /Cucumber Mosaic virus/Cucumber Mosaic virusa phytopathogenic virus Foodplant / pathogen /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Amaranthaceae/Spinacia oleracea/Spinacia oleraceaspinachyellowed, limpleaf (mature) infects and damages yellowed, limp leaf (mature)
leaf (young) (yellowed (sometimes inter-veinal), later distorted, puckered, inrolled, dwarfed) yellowed (sometimes inter-veinal), later distorted, puckered, inrolled, dwarfed leaf (young) may be infected and damaged by Cucumber Mosaic virus a phytopathogenic virus Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
 /Cucumber Mosaic virus/Cucumber Mosaic virusa phytopathogenic virus Foodplant / pathogen /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Amaranthaceae/Spinacia oleracea/Spinacia oleraceaspinachyellowed (sometimes inter-veinal), later distorted, puckered, inrolled, dwarfedleaf (young) infects and damages yellowed (sometimes inter-veinal), later distorted, puckered, inrolled, dwarfed leaf (young)
leaf leaf is mined by larva Amauromyza flavifrons a leaf-mining fly Diptera: Agromyzidae Diptera: Agromyzidae, Spencer, K.A., 1972
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Agromyzidae/Amauromyza flavifrons/Amauromyza flavifronsa leaf-mining flylarva Foodplant / miner /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Amaranthaceae/Spinacia oleracea/Spinacia oleraceaspinachleaf larva mines leaf
leaf leaf is spotted by acervulus of Colletotrichum coelomycetous anamorph UK/IrelandQuestionable Colletotrichum dematium f. spinaciae a form of fungi Glomerellaceae British Parasitic Fungi, Moore, W.C., 1959
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Glomerellaceae/Colletotrichum dematium f. spinaciae/Colletotrichum dematium f. spinaciaea form of fungiacervulusColletotrichum coelomycetous anamorph Foodplant / spot causerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Amaranthaceae/Spinacia oleracea/Spinacia oleraceaspinach?leaf acervulus of Colletotrichum coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on leaf
leaf (live, pale yellowish spotted) live, pale yellowish spotted leaf is parasitised by hypophyllous sporangium UK/IrelandRestricted Peronospora farinosa f.sp. spinaciae Spinach Downy Mildew Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
A Checklist of the Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) of the British Isles, Preece, T.F., 2002
 /Chromista/Oomycota/Peronosporea/Peronosporales/Peronosporaceae/Peronospora farinosa f.sp. spinaciae/Peronospora farinosa f.sp. spinaciaespinach downy mildewhypophylloussporangium Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Amaranthaceae/Spinacia oleracea/Spinacia oleraceaspinachlive, pale yellowish spottedleafSole hypophyllous sporangium parasitises live, pale yellowish spotted leaf
leaf (live, pale yellowish spotted) live, pale yellowish spotted leaf may house oospore Peronospora farinosa f.sp. spinaciae Spinach Downy Mildew Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
 /Chromista/Oomycota/Peronosporea/Peronosporales/Peronosporaceae/Peronospora farinosa f.sp. spinaciae/Peronospora farinosa f.sp. spinaciaespinach downy mildewoospore Plant / resting place / within /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Amaranthaceae/Spinacia oleracea/Spinacia oleraceaspinachlive, pale yellowish spottedleaf oospore may be found in live, pale yellowish spotted leaf
leaf (live, swollen, stunted or malformed) live, swollen, stunted or malformed leaf may be infected and damaged by Ditylenchus dipsaci Stem Eelworm, Stem and Bulb Eelworm Rhabditida: Anguinidae Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden Plants, Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998
 /Animalia/Nematoda/Secernentea/Rhabditida/Anguinidae/Ditylenchus dipsaci/Ditylenchus dipsacistem eelworm, stem and bulb eelworm Foodplant / pathogen /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Amaranthaceae/Spinacia oleracea/Spinacia oleraceaspinachlive, swollen, stunted or malformedleaf infects and damages live, swollen, stunted or malformed leaf
root (brown lesioned) brown lesioned root may be infected and damaged by Fusarium anamorph Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici an anamorphic fungus (FORL) Hypocreales: Nectriaceae Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici Jarvis & Shoemaker, Brayford, D., 1996
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici/Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersician anamorphic fungus (FORL)Fusarium anamorph Foodplant / pathogen /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Amaranthaceae/Spinacia oleracea/Spinacia oleraceaspinachbrown lesionedroot Fusarium anamorph infects and damages brown lesioned root
shoot (often stunted, curled) often stunted, curled shoot has sap sucked by densely clustered Foreign Aphis fabae Black Bean Aphid Hemiptera: Aphididae Aphids Recorded on Cultivated Plants in Norway 1946-1962, Fjelddalen, J., 1964
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Aphididae/Aphis (Aphis) fabae/Aphis (Aphis) fabaeblack bean aphiddensely clustered Foodplant / sap suckerForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Amaranthaceae/Spinacia oleracea/Spinacia oleraceaspinachoften stunted, curledshoot (summer)densely clustered sucks sap of often stunted, curled shoot
stem (lower) (brown lesioned) brown lesioned stem (lower) may be infected and damaged by Fusarium anamorph Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici an anamorphic fungus (FORL) Hypocreales: Nectriaceae Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici Jarvis & Shoemaker, Brayford, D., 1996
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Hypocreales/Nectriaceae/Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici/Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersician anamorphic fungus (FORL)Fusarium anamorph Foodplant / pathogen /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Caryophyllales/Amaranthaceae/Spinacia oleracea/Spinacia oleraceaspinachbrown lesionedstem (lower) Fusarium anamorph infects and damages brown lesioned stem (lower)

Author & YearTitleSource
Brayford, D., 1996Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici Jarvis & ShoemakerI.M.I. Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria CMI Descriptions of Pathenogenic Fungi and Bacteria Sheet 1270.
Buczacki, S. & Harris, K., 1998Pests, Diseases & Disorders of Garden PlantsCollins Photoguide, 2nd edition edition, Collins
David, J.C., 1995Cladosporium variabileI.M.I. Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria CMI Descriptions of Pathenogenic Fungi and Bacteria Sheet 1229.
Dennis, R.W.G., 1995Fungi of the South East England383pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Fjelddalen, J., 1964Aphids Recorded on Cultivated Plants in Norway 1946-1962Norsk. Ent. Tidskr. 12: 259-295.
Hall, G., 1991Pythium tracheiphilumI.M.I. Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria CMI Descriptions of Pathenogenic Fungi and Bacteria Sheet 1070.
Moore, W.C., 1959British Parasitic Fungi430pp, Cambridge University Press
Preece, T.F., 2002A Checklist of the Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) of the British Isles33pp, British Mycological Society
Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959Land and Water Bugs of the British IslesWayside & Woodland Series, 1959 edition, 436pp, Frederick Warne & Co. Ltd.
Spencer, K.A., 1972Diptera: AgromyzidaeHandbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol X. Part 5(g), 136pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London

Spinacia oleracea (Spinach) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Taxonomic hierarchy:
SpeciesSpinacia oleracea (Spinach)
FamilyAMARANTHACEAE (goosefoots, oraches, glassworts, amaranths & pigweeds)
OrderCARYOPHYLLALES (pinks, goosefoots and docks)
SubclassEU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
ClassMAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
PhylumTRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
KingdomPLANTAE (plants)
DomainEukaryota (eukaryotes)
LifeBIOTA (living things)
NBNNBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Spinacia oleracea (Spinach)

Spinacia oleracea (Spinach) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Spinacia oleracea (Spinach):

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