Carduus nutans L.
(Musk Thistle)

Interactions where Carduus nutans is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part Summary Taxon Vernacular Classification References Darwin Classification of Active Taxon Active Taxon Active Vernacular Active Taxon Uncertain Active State Active Part Active Stage Relationship Relationship Uncertain Relationship Geography Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon Passive Taxon Passive Vernacular Passive Taxon Uncertain Passive State Passive Part Passive Stage Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon Indoors etc Season Summary
is foodplant of Hadroplontus trimaculatus a weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Hadroplontus trimaculatus/Hadroplontus trimaculatusa weevil Foodplant / feeds on /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Carduus nutans/Carduus nutansmusk thistle feeds on
is foodplant of larva UK/Ireland Terellia serratulae a gall fly Diptera: Tephritidae Tephritid Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae), White, I.M., 1988
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tephritidae/Terellia serratulae/Terellia serratulaea gall flylarva Foodplant / feeds onUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Carduus nutans/Carduus nutansmusk thistle larva feeds on
is foodplant of larva UK/IrelandQuestionable Urophora stylata Spear-thistle Gall-fly Diptera: Tephritidae Tephritid Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae), White, I.M., 1988
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tephritidae/Urophora stylata/Urophora stylataspear-thistle gall-flylarva Foodplant / feeds onUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Carduus nutans/Carduus nutansmusk thistle? larva feeds on
(live) live is parasitised by Foreign Golovinomyces cichoracearum a powdery mildew Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae An Introduction to British Powdery Mildews, Ing, B., 1990
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Erysiphales/Erysiphaceae/Golovinomyces cichoracearum/Golovinomyces cichoracearuma powdery mildew Foodplant / parasiteForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Carduus nutans/Carduus nutansmusk thistlelive parasitises live
(live) live is parasitised by pycnium Minor Puccinia calcitrapae a rust fungus Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia calcitrapae/Puccinia calcitrapaea rust funguspycnium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Carduus nutans/Carduus nutansmusk thistleliveMinor pycnium parasitises live
capitulum capitulum is galled by larva UK/Ireland Rhinocyllus conicus a weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae Plant Galls, Redfern, M. & Askew, R.R., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Rhinocyllus conicus/Rhinocyllus conicusa weevillarva Foodplant / gallUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Carduus nutans/Carduus nutansmusk thistlecapitulum (7-8)larva causes gall of capitulum
capitulum capitulum may house puparium UK/Ireland Rhinocyllus conicus a weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae Plant Galls, Redfern, M. & Askew, R.R., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Rhinocyllus conicus/Rhinocyllus conicusa weevilpuparium Plant / resting place / withinUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Carduus nutans/Carduus nutansmusk thistlecapitulum (8(9)puparium may be found in capitulum
capitulum capitulum may contain larva Foreign Chaetostomella cylindrica a gall fly Diptera: Tephritidae Tephritid Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae), White, I.M., 1988
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tephritidae/Chaetostomella cylindrica/Chaetostomella cylindricaa gall flylarva Foodplant / internal feederForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Carduus nutans/Carduus nutansmusk thistlecapitulum larva feeds within capitulum
capitulum capitulum may contain larva ForeignQuestionable Ensina sonchi Sow-thistle Fly Diptera: Tephritidae Tephritid Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae), White, I.M., 1988
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tephritidae/Ensina sonchi/Ensina sonchisow-thistle flylarva Foodplant / internal feederForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Carduus nutans/Carduus nutansmusk thistle?capitulum larva feeds within capitulum
capitulum capitulum may contain larva UK/Ireland Tephritis hyoscyami a gall fly Diptera: Tephritidae Tephritid Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae), White, I.M., 1988
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tephritidae/Tephritis hyoscyami/Tephritis hyoscyamia gall flylarva Foodplant / internal feederUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Carduus nutans/Carduus nutansmusk thistlecapitulum larva feeds within capitulum
capitulum capitulum is galled by larva UK/IrelandMajor Urophora solstitialis Musk Thistle Gall-fly Diptera: Tephritidae Tephritid Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae), White, I.M., 1988
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tephritidae/Urophora solstitialis/Urophora solstitialismusk thistle gall-flylarva Foodplant / gallUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Carduus nutans/Carduus nutansmusk thistlecapitulumMajor larva causes gall of capitulum
capitulum capitulum may contain larva Foreign Xyphosia miliaria Mottled Thistle Fly Diptera: Tephritidae Tephritid Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae), White, I.M., 1988
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tephritidae/Xyphosia miliaria/Xyphosia miliariamottled thistle flylarva Foodplant / internal feederForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Carduus nutans/Carduus nutansmusk thistlecapitulum larva feeds within capitulum
capitulum (live) live capitulum is parasitised by Foreign Microbotryum cardui Microbotryales: Microbotryaceae Microbotryum silybum sp.nov. (Microbotryales), Vánky, K. & Berner, D., 2003
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Microbotryales/Microbotryaceae/Microbotryum cardui/Microbotryum cardui Foodplant / parasiteForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Carduus nutans/Carduus nutansmusk thistlelivecapitulum parasitises live capitulum
green parts (not involucre) green parts (not involucre) has sap sucked by adult Tingis cardui Spear Thistle Lacebug Hemiptera: Tingidae Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Tingidae/Tingis (Tingis) cardui/Tingis (Tingis) carduispear thistle lacebugadult Foodplant / sap sucker /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Carduus nutans/Carduus nutansmusk thistlegreen parts (not involucre) (8-7)adult sucks sap of green parts (not involucre)
involucre involucre has sap sucked by nymph Tingis cardui Spear Thistle Lacebug Hemiptera: Tingidae Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Tingidae/Tingis (Tingis) cardui/Tingis (Tingis) carduispear thistle lacebugnymph Foodplant / sap sucker /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Carduus nutans/Carduus nutansmusk thistleinvolucre (7-10)nymph sucks sap of involucre
leaf (radical) leaf (radical) is foodplant of adult UK/Ireland Rhinocyllus conicus a weevil Coleoptera: Curculionidae Plant Galls, Redfern, M. & Askew, R.R., 1992
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Curculionidae/Rhinocyllus conicus/Rhinocyllus conicusa weeviladult Foodplant / feeds onUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Carduus nutans/Carduus nutansmusk thistleleaf (radical) (spring)adult feeds on leaf (radical)
leaf (upper surface) (windowed) windowed leaf (upper surface) is grazed by hidden under carried excrement larva Lema cyanella a leaf beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Lema cyanella/Lema cyanellaa leaf beetlehidden under carried excrementlarva Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Carduus nutans/Carduus nutansmusk thistlewindowedleaf (upper surface) hidden under carried excrement larva grazes on windowed leaf (upper surface)
leaf leaf is grazed by adult Lema cyanella a leaf beetle Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Lema cyanella/Lema cyanellaa leaf beetleadult Foodplant / open feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Carduus nutans/Carduus nutansmusk thistleleaf (1-12)adult grazes on leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is spotted by amphigenous colony of Ramularia hyphomycetous anamorph UK/Ireland Ramularia cynarae emend U. Braun an anamorphic fungus Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol II, Braun, U., 1998
Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Ramularia cynarae emend U. Braun/Ramularia cynarae emend U. Braunan anamorphic fungusamphigenouscolonyRamularia hyphomycetous anamorph Foodplant / spot causerUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Carduus nutans/Carduus nutansmusk thistleliveleaf amphigenous colony of Ramularia hyphomycetous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is spotted by mainly hypophyllous colony of Ramularia hyphomycetous anamorph Foreign Ramularia jubatskana (An Anamorphic Fungus) Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol II, Braun, U., 1998
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Ramularia jubatskana/Ramularia jubatskana(an anamorphic fungus)mainly hypophyllouscolonyRamularia hyphomycetous anamorph Foodplant / spot causerForeign /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Carduus nutans/Carduus nutansmusk thistleliveleaf mainly hypophyllous colony of Ramularia hyphomycetous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by uredinoid, mostly epiphyllous aecium Minor Puccinia calcitrapae a rust fungus Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia calcitrapae/Puccinia calcitrapaea rust fungusuredinoid, mostly epiphyllousaecium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Carduus nutans/Carduus nutansmusk thistleliveleafMinor uredinoid, mostly epiphyllous aecium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by mostly hypophyllous uredium Minor Puccinia calcitrapae a rust fungus Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia calcitrapae/Puccinia calcitrapaea rust fungusmostly hypophyllousuredium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Carduus nutans/Carduus nutansmusk thistleliveleafMinor mostly hypophyllous uredium parasitises live leaf
leaf (live) live leaf is parasitised by mostly hypophyllous telium Minor Puccinia calcitrapae a rust fungus Pucciniales: Pucciniaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniaceae/Puccinia calcitrapae/Puccinia calcitrapaea rust fungusmostly hypophylloustelium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Carduus nutans/Carduus nutansmusk thistleliveleafMinor mostly hypophyllous telium parasitises live leaf
stem stem may contain larva Cheilosia cynocephala a hoverfly Diptera: Syrphidae Recording Cheilosia albipila and C. grossa by searching for larvae in thistles, Ball, S., Morris, R. & Stubbs, A., 2008
Colour Guide to Hoverfly Larvae (Diptera, Syrphidae) in Britain and Europe, Rotheray, G.E., 1993
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Syrphidae/Cheilosia cynocephala/Cheilosia cynocephalaa hoverflylarva Foodplant / internal feeder /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Asterales/Asteraceae/Carduus nutans/Carduus nutansmusk thistlestem larva feeds within stem

Author & YearTitleSource
Ball, S., Morris, R. & Stubbs, A., 2008Recording Cheilosia albipila and C. grossa by searching for larvae in thistles
Braun, U., 1998Monograph of Cercosporella, Ramularia and Allied Genera - Vol IIPhytopathogenic Hyphomycetes, 2, 493pp, IHW-Verlag
Bullock, J.A., 1992Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations11a, 24pp, Amateur Entomologists’ Society
Cox, M.L., 2007Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland336pp, Pisces Publications
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Ing, B., 1990An Introduction to British Powdery MildewsMycologist Vol 4 (1) et seq.
Redfern, M. & Askew, R.R., 1992Plant GallsNaturalists’ Handbooks, No 17, 99pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Rotheray, G.E., 1993Colour Guide to Hoverfly Larvae (Diptera, Syrphidae) in Britain and EuropeDiperists Digest Dipterists Digest No. 9.
Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959Land and Water Bugs of the British IslesWayside & Woodland Series, 1959 edition, 436pp, Frederick Warne & Co. Ltd.
Vánky, K. & Berner, D., 2003Microbotryum silybum sp.nov. (Microbotryales)Mycotaxon Vol 85: 307-311.
White, I.M., 1988Tephritid Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae)Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol 10. Part 5a, 134pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London

Carduus nutans (Musk Thistle) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Taxonomic hierarchy:
SpeciesCarduus nutans (Musk Thistle)
GenusCarduus (a genus of thistles)
TribeCardueae (“thistles”)
SubfamilyLACTUCOIDEAE (“dandelions”)
FamilyASTERACEAE (daisies, dandelions and thistles, composite)
OrderASTERALES (daisies, dandelions, thistles and bell flowers)
SubclassEU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
ClassMAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
PhylumTRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
KingdomPLANTAE (plants)
DomainEukaryota (eukaryotes)
LifeBIOTA (living things)
NBNNBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Carduus nutans (Musk Thistle)

Carduus nutans (Musk Thistle) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Carduus nutans (Musk Thistle):

BioImagesBioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 14 images of Carduus nutans (Musk Thistle)
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