Symphytum officinale x asperum = S. x uplandicum Nyman
(Russian comfrey)

Interactions where Symphytum officinale x asperum = S. x uplandicum is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part Summary Taxon Vernacular Classification References Darwin Classification of Active Taxon Active Taxon Active Vernacular Active Taxon Uncertain Active State Active Part Active Stage Relationship Relationship Uncertain Relationship Geography Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon Passive Taxon Passive Vernacular Passive Taxon Uncertain Passive State Passive Part Passive Stage Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon Indoors etc Season Summary
(live) live is parasitised by sporangium UK/Ireland Peronospora symphyti a downy mildew Peronosporales: Peronosporaceae A Checklist of the Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) of the British Isles, Preece, T.F., 2002
 /Chromista/Oomycota/Peronosporea/Peronosporales/Peronosporaceae/Peronospora symphyti/Peronospora symphytia downy mildewsporangium Foodplant / parasiteUK and/or Eire /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Boraginaceae/Symphytum officinale x asperum = S. x uplandicum/Symphytum officinale x asperum = S. x uplandicumRussian comfreylive sporangium parasitises live
(live) live is parasitised by conidial anamorph Golovinomyces cynoglossi a powdery mildew Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Erysiphales/Erysiphaceae/Golovinomyces cynoglossi/Golovinomyces cynoglossia powdery mildewconidial anamorph Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Boraginaceae/Symphytum officinale x asperum = S. x uplandicum/Symphytum officinale x asperum = S. x uplandicumRussian comfreylive conidial anamorph parasitises live
(live) live is parasitised by cleistothecium Golovinomyces cynoglossi a powdery mildew Erysiphales: Erysiphaceae Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997
 /Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Erysiphales/Erysiphaceae/Golovinomyces cynoglossi/Golovinomyces cynoglossia powdery mildewcleistothecium Foodplant / parasite /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Boraginaceae/Symphytum officinale x asperum = S. x uplandicum/Symphytum officinale x asperum = S. x uplandicumRussian comfreylive cleistothecium parasitises live
leaf (live, usually pale and small) live, usually pale and small leaf may be infected and damaged by hypophyllous telium Melampsorella symphyti Comfrey Rust Pucciniales: Pucciniastraceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniastraceae/Melampsorella symphyti/Melampsorella symphyticomfrey rusthypophylloustelium Foodplant / pathogen /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Boraginaceae/Symphytum officinale x asperum = S. x uplandicum/Symphytum officinale x asperum = S. x uplandicumRussian comfreylive, usually pale and smallleaf hypophyllous telium infects and damages live, usually pale and small leaf
leaf (live) live leaf may be infected and damaged by hypophyllous, often covering whole leaf uredium Melampsorella symphyti Comfrey Rust Pucciniales: Pucciniastraceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Pucciniomycetes/Pucciniales/Pucciniastraceae/Melampsorella symphyti/Melampsorella symphyticomfrey rusthypophyllous, often covering whole leafuredium Foodplant / pathogen /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Boraginaceae/Symphytum officinale x asperum = S. x uplandicum/Symphytum officinale x asperum = S. x uplandicumRussian comfreyliveleaf hypophyllous, often covering whole leaf uredium infects and damages live leaf

Author & YearTitleSource
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Preece, T.F., 2002A Checklist of the Downy Mildews (Peronosporaceae) of the British Isles33pp, British Mycological Society

Symphytum officinale x asperum = S. x uplandicum (Russian comfrey) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Taxonomic hierarchy:
Species hybridSymphytum officinale x asperum = S. x uplandicum (Russian comfrey)
GenusSymphytum (comfreys)
FamilyBORAGINACEAE (borages, comfreys and forget-me-nots)
SubclassEU-DICOTS (dicotyledonous flowering plants)
ClassMAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
PhylumTRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
KingdomPLANTAE (plants)
DomainEukaryota (eukaryotes)
LifeBIOTA (living things)
NBNNBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Symphytum officinale x asperum = S. x uplandicum (Russian comfrey)

Symphytum officinale x asperum = S. x uplandicum (Russian comfrey) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Symphytum officinale x asperum = S. x uplandicum (Russian comfrey):

BioImagesBioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 27 images of Symphytum officinale x asperum = S. x uplandicum (Russian comfrey)
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