Chroogomphus rutilus (Schaeff.) O.K. Mill.
(Copper Spike, Pine Spike-cap)

Interactions where Chroogomphus rutilus is the controlling partner and gains from the process

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'References').

Stage Summary Taxon Vernacular Classification References Darwin Classification of Active Taxon Active Taxon Active Vernacular Active Taxon Uncertain Active State Active Part Active Stage Relationship Relationship Uncertain Relationship Geography Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon Passive Taxon Passive Vernacular Passive Taxon Uncertain Passive State Passive Part Passive Stage Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon Indoors etc Season
fruitbody fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root Pinus pines Pinales: Pinaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Boletes and their allies, Watling, R., Hills, A.E, & Turnbull, E., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Gomphidiaceae/Chroogomphus rutilus/Chroogomphus rutiluscopper spike, pine spike-capfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Pinaceae/Pinus/Pinuspinesliveroot
fruitbody fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root Questionable Pinus nigraQuestionable Austrian Pine Pinales: Pinaceae Boletes and their allies, Watling, R., Hills, A.E, & Turnbull, E., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Gomphidiaceae/Chroogomphus rutilus/Chroogomphus rutiluscopper spike, pine spike-capfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhizaRelationship uncertain /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Pinaceae/Pinus nigra/Pinus nigraAustrian pine?liveroot
fruitbody fruitbody is ectomycorrhizal with live root Pinus sylvestris Scots Pine Pinales: Pinaceae Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005
Boletes and their allies, Watling, R., Hills, A.E, & Turnbull, E., 2005
 /Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Boletales/Gomphidiaceae/Chroogomphus rutilus/Chroogomphus rutiluscopper spike, pine spike-capfruitbody Foodplant / mycorrhiza / ectomycorrhiza /Plantae/Tracheophyta/Pinopsida/Pinales/Pinaceae/Pinus sylvestris/Pinus sylvestrisScots pineliveroot

Chroogomphus rutilus (Copper Spike, Pine Spike-cap) may also be included in 'feeds on' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Chroogomphus rutilus (Copper Spike, Pine Spike-cap) may be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Author & YearTitleSource
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Watling, R., Hills, A.E, & Turnbull, E., 2005Boletes and their alliesBritish Fungus Flora, Vol 1, Revised and enlarged edition edition, 173pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Edinburgh
Taxonomic hierarchy:
SpeciesChroogomphus rutilus (Copper Spike, Pine Spike-cap)
FamilyGOMPHIDIACEAE (spike toadstools)
OrderBOLETALES (spongecap toadstools and their relatives)
SubclassAGARICOMYCETIDAE (a subclass of basidiomycetes)
ClassAGARICOMYCETES (a class of fungi)
SubphylumAGARICOMYCOTINA
PhylumBASIDIOMYCOTA (spore droppers)
KingdomFUNGI (true fungi)
DomainEukaryota (eukaryotes)
LifeBIOTA (living things)
NBNNBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for Chroogomphus rutilus (Copper Spike, Pine Spike-cap)

Identification Works

AuthorYearTitleSource
Knudsen, H. & Taylor, A. Knudsen, H, Lange. C. & Knutsson. T. Agaricus L.: Fr., Funga Nordica

Chroogomphus rutilus (Copper Spike, Pine Spike-cap) may also be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may be relevant to Chroogomphus rutilus (Copper Spike, Pine Spike-cap):

Rare

A large, distinctive and common toadstool that is mycorrhizal with the roots of pine (Pinus).

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