LYCAENIDAE
(blues, coppers and hairstreaks)

Interactions where LYCAENIDAE is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part Summary Taxon Vernacular Classification References Darwin Classification of Active Taxon Active Taxon Active Vernacular Active Taxon Uncertain Active State Active Part Active Stage Relationship Relationship Uncertain Relationship Geography Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon Passive Taxon Passive Vernacular Passive Taxon Uncertain Passive State Passive Part Passive Stage Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon Indoors etc Season Summary
larva is endoparasitoid host of larva Foreign Aplomya confinis a parasitoid fly Diptera: Tachinidae Tachinid Flies (Diptera: Tachinidae), Belshaw, R., 1993
 /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Tachinidae/Aplomya confinis/Aplomya confinisa parasitoid flylarva Animal / parasitoid / endoparasitoidForeign /Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Lepidoptera/Lycaenidae/Lycaenidaeblues, coppers and hairstreakslarva larva is endoparasitoid of larva

Author & YearTitleSource
Belshaw, R., 1993Tachinid Flies (Diptera: Tachinidae)Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects, Vol 10, Part 4a(i), 169pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London

LYCAENIDAE (blues, coppers and hairstreaks) may be included in 'feeds on' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

LYCAENIDAE (blues, coppers and hairstreaks) may also be included in 'fed on by' relations listed under the following higher taxa:

Subtaxon Rank Featured
subtaxa		 No of
interactions		 No of
references
Hamearis lucina
Duke Of Burgundy, Duke Of Burgundy Fritillary
Species 3 references
LYCAENINAE
copper butterflies
Subfamily 3 subtaxa 2 trophisms 5 references
Lycaenini
copper butterflies
Tribe 3 subtaxa 2 trophisms 5 references
Lycaena
copper butterflies
Genus 3 subtaxa 2 trophisms 5 references
POLYOMMATINAE
blue butterflies
Subfamily 11 subtaxa 18 trophisms 15 references
THECLINAE
hairstreak butterflies
Subfamily 4 subtaxa 9 trophisms 3 references
Taxonomic hierarchy:
FamilyLYCAENIDAE (blues, coppers and hairstreaks)
SuperfamilyPAPILIONOIDEA (butterflies)
SuborderGLOSSATA (a suborder of moths)
OrderLEPIDOPTERA (butterflies and moths)
Division Endopterygota (bees, beetles, flies, moths and other insects with wings developing internally)
InfraclassNeoptera (bees, beetles, flies, grasshoppers, moths and other advanced insects)
SubclassPTERYGOTA (bees, beetles, dragonflies, flies, grasshoppers, moths and other winged insects)
ClassINSECTA (true insects)
SubphylumHEXAPODA (insects and other 6-legged organisms)
PhylumARTHROPODA (arthropods)
SuperphylumECDYSOZOA (skin shedders)
CladeBilateria (bilaterally symmetrical animals)
SubkingdomEUMETAZOA (metazoans)
KingdomANIMALIA (animals)
DomainEukaryota (eukaryotes)
LifeBIOTA (living things)
NBNNBN (data.nbn.org.uk) has a distribution map for LYCAENIDAE (blues, coppers and hairstreaks)

LYCAENIDAE (blues, coppers and hairstreaks) may be included in identification literature listed under the following higher taxa:

General Works

AuthorYearTitleSource
Barbero, F., Thomas, J.A., Bonelli, S., Balletto, E. & Schonrogge, K. 2009 Queen ants make distinctive sounds that are mimicked by a butterfly social parasite Science vol 323 no 5915: 782-785.
Fiedler, K. 1996 Host-plant relationships of lycaenid butterflies: large-scale patterns, interactions with plant chemistry, and mutualism with ants Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata Vol 80: 259-267.

Ant Associates

Fiedler, K. 2006 Ant-associates of Palaearctic lycaenid butterfly larvae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae; Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) – a review Myrmecologische Nachrichten Vol 9: 77-87.

Literature listed under the following higher taxa may also be relevant to LYCAENIDAE (blues, coppers and hairstreaks):

BioImagesBioImages (www.bioimages.org.uk) has 142 images of LYCAENIDAE (blues, coppers and hairstreaks)
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