Typha latifolia (bulrush, greater reedmace)

Interactions where Typha latifolia is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

The following relationships have been collated from the published literature (see 'Interaction References').

Filters:

Affected Part	Summary	Taxon	Vernacular	Classification	References	Darwin Classification of Active Taxon	Active Taxon	Active Vernacular	Active State	Active Part	Active Stage	Relationship	Relationship Geography	Darwin Classification of Passive Taxon	Passive Taxon	Passive Vernacular	Passive Taxon Uncertain	Passive State	Passive Part	Passive Stage	Passive Taxon's significance to Active Taxon	Season	Summary
	is foodplant of larva	Stilbus oblongus	a smut beetle	Coleoptera: Phalacridae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Phalacridae/Stilbus oblongus/	Stilbus oblongus	a smut beetle			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace							larva feeds on
	is foodplant of larva	Anthomyza neglecta	an anthomyzid fly	Diptera: Anthomyzidae	A monograph of Palaearctic Anthomyzidae (Diptera), Part 2, Roháček, J., 2009	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Anthomyzidae/Anthomyza neglecta/	Anthomyza neglecta	an anthomyzid fly			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace							larva feeds on
	is foodplant of pycnidium of Phoma coelomycetous anamorph	Phoma typharum	a coelomycete	Pleosporales: Diademaceae	Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Diademaceae/Phoma typharum/	Phoma typharum	a coelomycete		pycnidium	Phoma coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / feeds on	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace							pycnidium of Phoma coelomycetous anamorph feeds on
(dead, decayed)	dead, decayed debris may have fruitbody	Tomentella ellisii	a resupinate fungus	Thelephorales: Thelephoraceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Thelephorales/Thelephoraceae/Tomentella ellisii/	Tomentella ellisii	a resupinate fungus			fruitbody	Plant / resting place / on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace		dead, decayed		debris	Rare		fruitbody may be found on dead, decayed debris
leaf (tip)	leaf (tip) is spotted by pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph	Phyllosticta typhina	a coelomycete	Botryosphaeriales: Phyllostictaceae	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Botryosphaeriales/Phyllostictaceae/Phyllosticta typhina/	Phyllosticta typhina	a coelomycete		pycnidium	Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace			leaf (tip)			(7)	pycnidium of Phyllosticta coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on leaf (tip)
leaf (upper surface) (windowed)	windowed leaf (upper surface) is grazed by adult	Donacia cinerea	a reed beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992 Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Donacia cinerea/	Donacia cinerea	a reed beetle			adult	Foodplant / open feeder		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace		windowed	leaf (upper surface)		Major	(3-)4-7(-11)	adult grazes on windowed leaf (upper surface)
leaf base (dead)	dead leaf base is decayed by fruitbody	Epithele typhae	a resupinate fungus	Polyporales: Polyporaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Epithele typhae/	Epithele typhae	a resupinate fungus			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace		dead	leaf base		Minor		fruitbody is saprobic on dead leaf base
leaf base (submerged, dead, attached)	submerged, dead, attached leaf base is decayed by immersed pseudothecium	Ophiobolus typhae	an ascomycete	Pleosporales: Phaeosphaeriaceae	Aquatic Ascomycetes: Ceriospora caudae-suis n.sp. and Ophiobolus typhae., Ingold, C.T., 1951	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Phaeosphaeriaceae/Ophiobolus typhae/	Ophiobolus typhae	an ascomycete	immersed		pseudothecium	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace		submerged, dead, attached	leaf base				immersed pseudothecium is saprobic on submerged, dead, attached leaf base
leaf sheath (dead, submerged or saturated)	dead, submerged or saturated leaf sheath is decayed by pycnidium of Stagonospora coelomycetous anamorph	Stagonospora macropycnidia	a coelomycete	Pleosporales: Phaeosphaeriaceae		/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Phaeosphaeriaceae/Stagonospora macropycnidia/	Stagonospora macropycnidia	a coelomycete		pycnidium	Stagonospora coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace		dead, submerged or saturated	leaf sheath		Rare		pycnidium of Stagonospora coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead, submerged or saturated leaf sheath
leaf-sheath	leaf-sheath may house puparium	Phaonia atriceps	a muscid fly	Diptera: Muscidae	Diptera: Cyclorrapha Calyptrata Sect (b) Muscidae, Fonseca, E.C.M. d’Assis, 1968	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Muscidae/Phaonia atriceps/	Phaonia atriceps	a muscid fly			puparium	Plant / resting place / within		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace			leaf-sheath				puparium may be found in leaf-sheath
leaf-sheath (dead, often insect damaged)	dead, often insect damaged leaf-sheath is decayed by larva	Typhamyza bifasciata	an anthomyzid fly	Diptera: Anthomyzidae	A monograph of Palaearctic Anthomyzidae (Diptera), Part 2, Roháček, J., 2009	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Diptera/Anthomyzidae/Typhamyza bifasciata/	Typhamyza bifasciata	an anthomyzid fly			larva	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace		dead, often insect damaged	leaf-sheath				larva is saprobic on dead, often insect damaged leaf-sheath
leaf	leaf is grazed by adult	Donacia vulgaris	a reed beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations, Bullock, J.A., 1992 Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Donacia vulgaris/	Donacia vulgaris	a reed beetle			adult	Foodplant / open feeder		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace			leaf				adult grazes on leaf
leaf (dead, decayed)	dead, decayed leaf is decayed by fruitbody	Typhula capitata	a minute club fungus	Agaricales: Typhulaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Typhulaceae/Typhula capitata/	Typhula capitata	a minute club fungus			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace		dead, decayed	leaf				fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed leaf
leaf (dead, decayed)	dead, decayed leaf is decayed by fruitbody	Lindtneria trachyspora	a basidiomycete fungus	Russulales: Stephanosporaceae	Fungal Portraits no 50. Lindtneria trachispora, Legon, N., 2012 Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Russulales/Stephanosporaceae/Lindtneria trachyspora/	Lindtneria trachyspora	a basidiomycete fungus			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace		dead, decayed	leaf				fruitbody is saprobic on dead, decayed leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by covered, black pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph	Septoria menispora	a leaf-spot fungus	Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Capnodiales/Mycosphaerellaceae/Septoria menispora/	Septoria menispora	a leaf-spot fungus	covered, black	pycnidium	Septoria coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace		dead	leaf			(3-4)	covered, black pycnidium of Septoria coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (dead)	dead leaf is decayed by sporodochium of Arthrinium dematiaceous anamorph	Arthrinium sporophleum	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus	Apiosporaceae	British marsh and fen fungi. II, Ellis, M.B., Ellis, E.A. & Ellis, J.P., 1951	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Apiosporaceae/Arthrinium sporophleum/	Arthrinium sporophleum	a dematiaceous anamorphic fungus		sporodochium	Arthrinium dematiaceous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace		dead	leaf			(3-4)	sporodochium of Arthrinium dematiaceous anamorph is saprobic on dead leaf
leaf (live)	live leaf is spotted by Colletotrichum coelomycetous anamorph	Colletotrichum typhae	a coelomycete	Glomerellaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Sordariomycetes/Glomerellaceae/Colletotrichum typhae/	Colletotrichum typhae	a coelomycete			Colletotrichum coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / spot causer		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace		live	leaf				Colletotrichum coelomycetous anamorph causes spots on live leaf
leaf (sometimes locally discoloured)	sometimes locally discoloured leaf is decayed by often numerous, immersed, black pycnidium of Stagonospora coelomycetous anamorph	Stagonospora typhoidearum	a coelomycete	Pleosporales: Phaeosphaeriaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997 British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia, Grove, W.B., 1935	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Dothideomycetes/Pleosporales/Phaeosphaeriaceae/Stagonospora typhoidearum/	Stagonospora typhoidearum	a coelomycete	often numerous, immersed, black	pycnidium	Stagonospora coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace		sometimes locally discoloured	leaf				often numerous, immersed, black pycnidium of Stagonospora coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on sometimes locally discoloured leaf
root	root is foodplant of larva	Donacia aquatica	Zircon Reed Beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Donacia aquatica/	Donacia aquatica	zircon reed beetle			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace			root				larva feeds on root
root	root is foodplant of larva	Plateumaris sericea	a reed beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Plateumaris sericea/	Plateumaris sericea	a reed beetle			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace	?		root				larva feeds on root
root	root may house cocoon	Plateumaris sericea	a reed beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Plateumaris sericea/	Plateumaris sericea	a reed beetle			cocoon	Plant / resting place / among		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace			root				cocoon may be found among root
roots	roots is foodplant of larva	Donacia cinerea	a reed beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Donacia cinerea/	Donacia cinerea	a reed beetle			larva	Foodplant / feeds on		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace			roots				larva feeds on roots
roots	roots may house cocoon	Donacia cinerea	a reed beetle	Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland, Cox, M.L., 2007	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Chrysomelidae/Donacia cinerea/	Donacia cinerea	a reed beetle			cocoon	Plant / resting place / among		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace			roots				cocoon may be found among roots
seed head	seed head has sap sucked by nymph	Chilacis typhae	Bulrush Bug	Hemiptera: Lygaeidae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Lygaeidae/Chilacis typhae/	Chilacis typhae	bulrush bug			nymph	Foodplant / sap sucker		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace			seed head				nymph sucks sap of seed head
seed head	seed head has sap sucked by adult	Chilacis typhae	Bulrush Bug	Hemiptera: Lygaeidae	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles, Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Hemiptera/Lygaeidae/Chilacis typhae/	Chilacis typhae	bulrush bug			adult	Foodplant / sap sucker		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace			seed head				adult sucks sap of seed head
stem (just above waterline) (dead)	dead stem (just above waterline) is decayed by fruitbody	Psathyrella typhae	a brittlestem	Agaricales: Psathyrellaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Psathyrellaceae/Psathyrella typhae/	Psathyrella typhae	a brittlestem			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace		dead	stem (just above waterline)		Major		fruitbody is saprobic on dead stem (just above waterline)
stem (just above waterline) (live)	live stem (just above waterline) is decayed by fruitbody	Psathyrella typhae	a brittlestem	Agaricales: Psathyrellaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Psathyrellaceae/Psathyrella typhae/	Psathyrella typhae	a brittlestem			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace		live	stem (just above waterline)		Major		fruitbody is saprobic on live stem (just above waterline)
stem (just above waterline) (moribund)	moribund stem (just above waterline) is decayed by fruitbody	Psathyrella typhae	a brittlestem	Agaricales: Psathyrellaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Agaricales/Psathyrellaceae/Psathyrella typhae/	Psathyrella typhae	a brittlestem			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace		moribund	stem (just above waterline)		Major		fruitbody is saprobic on moribund stem (just above waterline)
stem	stem is foodplant of	Tournotaris bimaculata	a weevil	Coleoptera: Erirhinidae	True Weevils (Part I): Family Curculionidae, subfamilies Raymondionyminae to Smicronychinae, Morris, M.G., 2002	/Animalia/Arthropoda/Insecta/Coleoptera/Erirhinidae/Tournotaris bimaculata/	Tournotaris bimaculata	a weevil				Foodplant / feeds on	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace			stem				feeds on stem
stem (dead)	dead stem is decayed by immersed conidioma of Hymenopsis coelomycetous anamorph	Hymenopsis typhae	a coelomycete		Fungi of the South East England, Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Hymenopsis typhae/	Hymenopsis typhae	a coelomycete	immersed	conidioma	Hymenopsis coelomycetous anamorph	Foodplant / saprobe	UK and/or Eire	/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace		dead	stem			(5-6)	immersed conidioma of Hymenopsis coelomycetous anamorph is saprobic on dead stem
stem (dead)	dead stem is decayed by apothecium	Lachnum controversum	a discomycete	Helotiales: Lachnaceae	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook, Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	/Fungi/Ascomycota/Leotiomycetes/Helotiales/Lachnaceae/Lachnum controversum/	Lachnum controversum	a discomycete			apothecium	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace		dead	stem		Minor	(5-10)	apothecium is saprobic on dead stem
stem (dead)	dead stem is decayed by fruitbody	Epithele typhae	a resupinate fungus	Polyporales: Polyporaceae	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota, Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	/Fungi/Basidiomycota/Agaricomycetes/Polyporales/Polyporaceae/Epithele typhae/	Epithele typhae	a resupinate fungus			fruitbody	Foodplant / saprobe		/Plantae/Tracheophyta/Magnoliopsida/Poales/Typhaceae/Typha latifolia/	Typha latifolia	bulrush, greater reedmace		dead	stem		Minor		fruitbody is saprobic on dead stem

Species	Typha latifolia (Bulrush, Greater Reedmace)
Genus	Typha (bulrushes, reedmaces)
Family	TYPHACEAE (bulrushes)
Order	POALES (grasses, sedges & rushes)
Class	MAGNOLIOPSIDA (flowering plants)
Phylum	TRACHEOPHYTA (vascular plants)
Kingdom	PLANTAE (plants)
Domain	Eukaryota (eukaryotes)
Life	BIOTA (living things)

Typha latifolia L.
(Bulrush, Greater Reedmace)

Interactions where Typha latifolia is the victim or passive partner (and generally loses out from the process)

Taxonomic hierarchy:

Typha latifolia is also a member of:

BioInfo - Wildlife Information (UK)

Author & Year	Title	Source
Bullock, J.A., 1992	Host Plants of British Beetles: A List of Recorded Associations	11a, 24pp, Amateur Entomologists’ Society
Cox, M.L., 2007	Atlas of the Seed and Leaf Beetles of Britain and Ireland	336pp, Pisces Publications
Dennis, R.W.G., 1995	Fungi of the South East England	383pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Ellis, M.B. & J.P., 1997	Microfungi on Land Plants: An Identification Handbook	2nd (New Enlarged) edition, 868pp, The Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd
Ellis, M.B., Ellis, E.A. & Ellis, J.P., 1951	British marsh and fen fungi. II	TBMS Vol 34 (4): 497-514.
Fonseca, E.C.M. d’Assis, 1968	Diptera: Cyclorrapha Calyptrata Sect (b) Muscidae	Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects , Vol X. Part 4(b), 119pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Grove, W.B., 1935	British Stem- and Leaf- Fungi: Coelomycetes Vol. I … Sphaeropsidales with hyaline conidia	Vol I, 488pp, Cambridge University Press
Ingold, C.T., 1951	Aquatic Ascomycetes: Ceriospora caudae-suis n.sp. and Ophiobolus typhae.	TBMS Vol 34 (2): 210-215, IN4.
Legon, N., 2012	Fungal Portraits no 50. Lindtneria trachispora	Field Mycology Vol 13 (2): 39-42.
Legon, N.W. & Henrici, A. with Roberts, P.J., Spooner, B.M. & Watling, R., 2005	Checklist of the British and Irish Basidiomycota	517pp, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Morris, M.G., 2002	True Weevils (Part I): Family Curculionidae, subfamilies Raymondionyminae to Smicronychinae	Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects, Vol 5, Part 17b, 149pp, The Royal Entomological Society of London
Roháček, J., 2009	A monograph of Palaearctic Anthomyzidae (Diptera), Part 2	Cas. Slez. Muz. Opava (A) Vol 58, Supp 1.
Southwood, T.R.E. & Leston, D., 1959	Land and Water Bugs of the British Isles	Wayside & Woodland Series, 1959 edition, 436pp, Frederick Warne & Co. Ltd.